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1

PATERNITY OR NEW MODEL FOR FATHERHOOD

100%
Budrowska B.
Kultura i Społeczeństwo
|
2008
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vol. 52
|
issue 3
123-151
EN
The existing model for the role of father is gradually being redefined. Examples in mass culture, the media and the internet which illustrate the way in which that role functions have been confronted with the expectations of women shown in the results of surveys. The background to the presentation of fathers' committment in their role are the results of surveys which show the actual involvement of Polish men in parenthood. the article also attempts to define the psycho-social determining factors for the appearance of a new model of fatherhood.
2
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Je rodič víc nebo míň? Když společnost brání v tom, co vyžaduje

80%
Slechtova H.
Gender, rovné příležitosti, výzkum (Gender, Equal Opportunities, Research)
|
2005
|
vol. 6
|
issue 1
8-9
EN
The paper examines individualised society and the status of parents and children within it. In the individualised society each individual is defined as a 'person' of his/her own and not as a member of a social group or a community. Modern concept of people focuses on originality of each person. Contemporary society requires well socialised people to be able to respect the other individual persons. However, there is not total independency and people are dependent on each other. To be individual person, people need relationships with the others, especially with the significant others. If some of these close relationships has lower status, particularly relationship with children, it can decrease status of individuals in the society and cause severe problems for them. Hence they can hardly fulfill the multiple role the modern individualised society requires. (http://www.genderonline.cz/view.php?cisloclanku=2005120401)
3

The theory of well-being in developmental research on the family: The well-being of parents in the empty nest stage

80%
Wojciechowska L.
Polish Psychological Bulletin
|
2007
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vol. 38
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issue 3
166-174
EN
Over the last few years the value of the holistic approach to studies on the development and functioning of the human being in various stages of life, particularly adulthood, has been more frequently emphasised. At the same time there is also a requirement of conducting research not so much from the perspective of disorders, limitations and regress but from the perspective of achievements, advances and fulfilling a positive developmental programme. This approach is particularly important in relation to a person in mid or late adulthood. It seems that the theory of well-being - the theory of subjective well-being described on three multidimensional dimensions of the personality, emotions and society - meets the requirement of taking a comprehensive and positive view of the individual. Seeing that the sense of well-being may be analysed in reference to various areas of life - professional career, finance, family, it also becomes useful to describe the relations of the parents with their siblings by way of diagnosis of well-being components concerning the performed parental role.
4
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Jiné mateřství

80%
Janouskava K., Sedlacek L.
Gender, rovné příležitosti, výzkum (Gender, Equal Opportunities, Research)
|
2005
|
vol. 6
|
issue 1
19-22
EN
The paper deals with the topical issue of families in which mothers do not take parental leave and instead fathers take care of their children. The paper is based on a set of qualitative interviews with five couples. Whereas mothers are perceived routinely as naturally child-rearing person in a couple who give up her labour activity, interviewed women decided to continue working while their partners stay at home and takes care of baby. These women experienced negative reactions of other mothers and society as a whole against them because they prefered their jobs and carriers to the family. Respondents regarded that their role of mother was weakened as well as their feminine identity. However fathers are positively perceived in the society, because they can maintain different social role from traditional breadwinner. As a result, it can cause some difficulties for these women who can experience better opportunities on the labour market but more inequalities in social relations. (http://www.genderonline.cz/view.php?cisloclanku=2005122201)
5
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FAMILY FORMATION BETWEEN SERBIAN MILLENNIALS

70%
Mirić N.
Sociológia (Sociology)
|
2022
|
vol. 54
|
issue 6
513-543
EN
The starting point of the paper is that the Millennials highly rank professional achievement in their lives; therefore, education and career are crucial for family formation decision-making. The author started from the fact that the specific socioeconomic context of living in Serbia can create an obstacle to parenthood. The paper aims to examine the multilevel predictors of entry into parenthood among Millennials. A multilevel analysis based on the EU-SILC survey data served to study family formation as a function of individual, partner's and household socioeconomic characteristics. The results suggest that a large part of the variations in the age of entering into parenthood can be explained by individual and partner's socioeconomic characteristics, while household characteristics are not significant. The findings confirm the importance of professional achievement as a "precondition" for family formation, which is reflected through education among women and economic stability among men.
6
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Neplodnost jeho a neplodnost její: Genderové aspekty asistované reprodukce

70%
Slepickova L.
Sociologický časopis. Czech Sociological Review
|
2009
|
vol. 45
|
issue 1
177-204
EN
This article is based on a qualitative analysis of in-depth interviews with women and men suffering from fertility problems. It analyses the negotiations between partners confronted with the diagnosis of infertility and seeking the best solution. The analysis examined how men and women define their roles in the treatment of infertility, how they perceive their partners' coping and involvement, and conflicting and controversial topics and situations. Data suggest that the burden of infertility is unequal. While treatment involves a woman fully in the physical and the psychological sense, the involvement of the man and potential father in the treatment process is reduced to his provision of genetic material on demand. The research revealed two factors that influence and separate the experiences of men and women: the different time/age frame of the reproductive experience and the physical aspect of infertility and reproduction. Both factors are anchored in the praxis of assisted reproduction. The treatment process is administered in a way that, instead of reshaping or challenging traditional definitions of parenthood or gender roles, confirms the status quo.
7
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Proč chceme děti: hodnota dítěte a preferovaný počet dětí v České republice

70%
Pakosta P.
Sociologický časopis. Czech Sociological Review
|
2009
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vol. 45
|
issue 5
899-935
EN
Surveys often reveal that the number of children people would like to have is greater than the number they actually have. This article examines the question of why people actually want children and bases its answers on data from the 2006 Value of Children Survey, which reintroduces the value of children concept from the 1970s. The battery of survey questions used identified six dimensions of the value of children (The positives of parenthood; Natural drives and goals; Tradition and social status; Social pressure; Limitations and losses; and Decision inhibitors). The respondents, young people between the ages of 28 and 34, see the main reasons for deciding to have children in the positive feelings associated with raising children and with successful parenthood as a natural part of life. They associate parenthood less with responses about social norms and pressure or with rational considerations about all the pros and cons of having children, and they see parenthood as their own, individual decision. A data analysis based on a multinomial logistic regression shows that declared attitudes to a limited extent influence the preferred number of children and that the Czech population is still dominated by the idea of the two-child family with two biological parents, while declared voluntary childlessness is still a marginal phenomenon.
8
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OLD OBLIGATIONS IN THE MODERN WORLD: THE FATHER AS PROVIDER BEFORE AND AFTER DIVORCE

70%
Dudova R.
Sociologický časopis. Czech Sociological Review
|
2006
|
vol. 42
|
issue 3
573-590
EN
The article draws on empirical qualitative research to identify the various ways in which separated or divorced fathers in the Czech Republic relate to the norm of father-provider. It offers an analysis of the plurality of men's approaches to the traditional provider norm of fatherhood, and the changes that occur in their attitudes and approaches as a result of divorce. The results show that although for Czech men the 'provider' dimension is the strongest dimension in their notion of fatherhood even after marital separation, their understanding of what material support for the children means is transformed by the fact of separation. In the father's view, the child, along with the family, ceases to be a joint enterprise, and the child often becomes identified with the ex-wife. According to their notions and practices concerning child support, the men in this study can be divided into three groups: nurturing fathers who reject the provider/caregiver division and thus refuse to pay; helping fathers who consider their children to be primarily the ex-wife's responsibility, and thus only pay small amounts of money, and the fathers-providers who are willing to fully support their children, but only if this support is voluntary and under their control.
9

THE EDUCATIONAL ASPECTS OF PARENTING AS A REALIZATION OF GOD'S CALL (Wychowawcze aspekty rodzicielstwa jako realizacji Bozego powolania)

70%
Stala J.
Roczniki Nauk o Rodzinie (Annals of Family Studies)
|
2011
|
vol. 10
|
issue 3(58)
125-137
EN
The history of mankind proceeds as well as the human history of salvation through the family. Therefore provides the family the first among the many paths of the Church and in many ways the best way. Even if someone has chosen single life, the family remains his existential horizon as the community. Obviously, the most important task of the family is to understand the concept of parenting in a deeper sense. In this article main problem is that the parents realizing the divine call, must be aware what consequences arise from this for the education. First, how the Christian vocation is to be understood in general before reference to a life of marriage and family. Subsequently, it was explained that the vocation to a life of marriage and the family is a gift and a task. However, the last point refers to the parental love, which can find their expression in very different ways than maternal or paternal love.
10

THE TEACHING OF THE MAGISTERIUM OF THE CHURCH ON ADOPTION (Nauczanie Magisterium Kosciola o adopcji )

70%
Brzezinski M.
Roczniki Nauk o Rodzinie (Annals of Family Studies)
|
2011
|
vol. 10
|
issue 3(58)
185-201
EN
The vocation to parenthood is one of the basic tasks of the spouses. In the modern world marital infertility is one of the ever more common problems affecting married couples. On the other hand, ever more often we encounter situations, in which parents, especially single mothers, do not want to raise their children. The meeting of the needs of people in both these situations makes the so-called unwanted or rejected children get a chance to find parental love and a family home by means of adoption. The article tackles the issue of adoption present in the teaching of the Magisterium of the Church. It indicates that accepting a born child to the family through adoption is a requirement of the spouses' fertile love, but also a Christian fulfillment of the commandment of love, the service to life and a way to preach the 'Gospel of life' by means of acts of love given to the most needy child. Adoption is not an easy thing, an event that happens once, but it amounts to saying 'yes' to love; it is accepting a certain way of life, in which serving another man and Christ present in the 'least' man is the first and supreme aim of adoptive parents' life. It is also worth stressing that the necessity to shape and create mentality serves a man not as something exceptional, but exactly as the style of life of Christian spouses.
11
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Rodiče na trhu práce: mezi prací a péčí

61%
Vohlidalova M., Krizkova A.
Sociologický časopis. Czech Sociological Review
|
2009
|
vol. 45
|
issue 1
31-61
EN
TIn this article the authoresses map the theoretical arguments on the gender dimension of the welfare state. They propose three integral dimensions of conceptualising the exercise of parenthood in Czech society in relation to gender equality in the labour market that co-determine the position of parents in the labour market. The authoresses analyse these dimensions using data from two representative sociological surveys. 1) The right to be a parent (to care for one's child) and the right to work: the measures provided in the Czech welfare state are based on the myth that there are two separate worlds of work and care in conformity with the gender principle, even though there are no significant differences between Czech men and women in terms of the value of work in their lives. 2) Equality or non-discrimination in parenthood: the right to work of mothers of young children is violated in the context of generally increasing gender inequalities in the labour market. 3) The opportunity to achieve a work/life balance: in Czech society flexible forms of employment are uncommon, working hours tend to have a fixed start and finish, or there is negative flexibility, which renders a work/life balance impossible. The way in which state policy defines and employers apply the conditions of parenthood in relation to the labour market and in the context of the gender structure of Czech society makes parenthood a significant handicap for the social inclusion of women who are mothers of young children in the Czech Republic.
12
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Sociální kontext postojů k řešení neplodnosti

61%
Slepickova L., Fucik P.
Sociologický časopis. Czech Sociological Review
|
2009
|
vol. 45
|
issue 2
267-291
EN
Infertility is a problem that affects around 15% of Czech couples of reproductive age. Using data from the survey 'Marriage, Work, Family' the objective of this analysis is to identify the attitudes that Czech men and women maintain towards various strategies for overcoming infertility (adoption, different forms of assisted reproduction) and the factors that influence and shape these attitudes. The first part of the analysis looks for the determinants behind attitudes towards adoption and assisted reproduction in the respondent's external characteristics. For example, education and religion were found to have a significant influence. More educated respondents are more open to methods of assisted reproduction; religious respondents are more open to adoption. In terms of inner determinants (the respondent's attitude patterns) the authors, building on the preference theory proposed by Catherine Hakim, found a preference effect among women. The findings are seemingly paradoxical: of three groups of women (work-centred, home-centred, and adaptive) it is work-centred women (and the partners of work-centred women) who are most likely to take various infertility strategies into consideration. The third part of the analysis - an analysis of the external determinants of attitudes towards infertility strategies - revealed that in some cases attitudes are influenced by the characteristics of the partner more than by the respondent's own characteristics - in particular, the woman's attitudes are shaped more by the characteristics of her partner than by her own characteristics.
13
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Cena za macierzyństwo. Moralno-prawne kontrowersje wokół rodzicielstwa zastępczego

51%
Czekajewska J.
Filo-Sofija
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2009
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vol. 9
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issue 9
189-198
EN
In bioethical literature surrogate maternity is understood as a method within a range of techniques of medically supported procreation. It is not an independent technique of artificial insemination but it is considered as being made up of various ways of supported reproduction. The ethical assessment of surrogate maternity cannot be deprived of moral and legal analysis. The Polish law has not introduced any regulations on the issue so far, thus leaving it without an answer. The aim of my work is to consider social, ethical and deontonomic aspects of the subject matter and in this way to draw attention to its importance and bring it to a discussion leading to the introduction of the appropriate medical and legal regulations.
14

STUDYING THE LENGTH OF PARENTAL LEAVE AFTER BECOMING PARENTS OF THE FIRST CHILD (A szulesi szabadsag hosszanak vizsgalata az elso gyermek vallalasat kovetoen)

51%
Drjenovszky Z.
Szociologiai Szemle (Sociological Review)
|
2009
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vol. 19
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issue 3
116-146
EN
The women's decision regarding the time they intend to spend home with their children after their birth may depend on several factors. Various factors affect the time of the comeback. In this study the author shall present the results of the secondary analysis performed on the database Monitor 2003. In the course of the analysis parameters related closely to the mother got examined, such as the mothers age, academic qualification, the length of her working experience before delivery, her position at the working place, her marital status and her salary. Among these the qualification, the position at the working place and the salary proved to be the most determinative factors. All of these three show a negative connection with the length of the time spent staying at home.
15
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ROZDÍL V ODMĚŇOVÁNÍ ŽEN A MUŽŮ, EFEKT RODIČOVSTVÍ A PREKARITY

51%
Pospíšilová K., Vohlídalová M.
Sociológia (Sociology)
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2022
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vol. 54
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issue 3
244 – 277
EN
The paper focuses on how parenthood (measured by the number of children) contributes to the high level of gender pay gap (GPG) in the Czech Republic and how is it shaped by precarious work contracts. The analysis is based on a questionnaire survey of a representative sample of 1119 respondents aged 20 to 55 years. Sequential testing of regression models proved that number of children affects significantly the size of a GPG, even after controlling for several factors. The interaction between gender and the number of children explains 22% of the total GPG for hourly wages and 30% of the total GPG for monthly wages. Parenthood plays a key role, especially among precarious workers, where it explains about 49% of the total GPG.
16
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Jana Pawła II nauczanie o rodzicielstwie

51%
Mazur J.
Roczniki Nauk Społecznych
|
2011
|
vol. 3(39)
119-138
EN
In the teachings of John Paul II the category of parenthood, considered from a philosophical, religious, social, moral or cultural perspective, is always integrally connected with such concepts as marriage and family, fatherhood, motherhood and posterity. The meaning of these notions blends with the truth about man which has its roots in the human nature and its deeper meaning in the Christian Revelation. The Pope’s teaching in this respect may and should be interpreted in the light of Christian personalism, with special focus on two key notions – that of a person and a gift (the sincere gift of self). John Paul II devotes much attention to the issue of responsible parenthood, connected with the idea of the civilization of love, and education which can be viewed as continuation of parenthood. Education then is before all else a reciprocal “offering” on the part of both parents. The Pope sees the parental function as a service to life, which leads to revelation of life. This takes place in the family circle, envisioned as the “sanctuary of life”. He shares the observation that nowadays these sanctuaries of life not infrequently undergo deep and manifold crisis. Fatherhood and motherhood seem to be in the very centre of this crisis, especially due to profanation of family’s sacredness resulting from contraception, abortion, in vitro fertilization, divorces, sexual education devoid of ideals and the like. These sanctuaries of life are at times entirely devastated. Their dilapidation is a process intended by various international centres – numerous feminist, pro-abortion and gay organizations, just to mention some. Source materials which serve as a basis for presented reflections are first and fore most the following: The apostolic exhortation Familiaris consortio of November 22, 1981; the apostolic Letter Mulieris dignitatem of August 15, 1988; the letter to Families from Pope John Paul II Gratissimam sane of February 2, 1994 and the encyclical Evangelium vitae of March 25, 1995. Attached to the abovementioned documents is also 1983 Charter of the Rights of the Family, aimed especially at the countries, organisations and institutions responsible for the situation of the family in today’s world.
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