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THE SOVIET UNION IN REPORTS BY STANISLAW PATEK (ZSRR w raportach Stanislawa Patka)

100%
Gmurczyk-Wronska M.
Dzieje Najnowsze
|
2008
|
issue 4
159-174
EN
Stanislaw Patek (1866-1944) fulfilled the function of envoy to Moscow in the years 1927-1932, a period reflected in his copious documentation. The documents in question comprise an extremely interesting and valuable source for the history of Polish diplomacy, the history of the Soviet Union, Soviet studies, and international relations. Stanislaw Patek was proposed for the post of the Polish envoy by Marshal Józef Pilsudski, minister of foreign affairs in the cabinet of Kazimierz Bartel. True, after the May 1926 coup d'etat the minister of foreign affairs was August Zaleski, but the department was, for all practical purposes, steered by Pilsudski. Patek was entrusted not only with the mission of conducting a normalisation of Polish-Soviet relations, including a non-aggression pact, but also a Promethean campaign, i. e. supporting the decentralisation tendencies among nations comprising the Russian federation. The fact that Stanislaw Patek was an extremely careful observer of Soviet Russia stemmed from his duties as a diplomat and personal experiences in relations with the Russians, dating from tsarist times. He understood both Soviet policies and the tactics applied by the Russians in diplomacy and international relations. He also did not trust the sincerity of the disarmament campaigns undertaken by the Soviet diplomats. Although Patek appreciated the efforts made by Maxim Litvinov, the people's commissar for foreign relations, he did not harbour any illusions as regards his assurances concerning the peace policy of the Soviet Union. He was also deeply disappointed in the people's commissar Georgiy Chicherin, and his reports proposed a wide panorama of the domestic situation in the Soviet Union, including Stalin's struggle against the opposition in 1927. Patek analysed the Soviet system and policy in Europe and the world, and a crucial place in his reports is occupied by Polish-Soviet relations and the signing of the non-aggression pact of 25 July 1932, all presented within the wider context of international relations.
2

STANISLAW PATEK - A SKETCH TO A BIOGRAPHY: STATE OF RESEARCH, SOURCES, AND PROBLEMS

100%
Gmurczyk-Wronska M.
Dzieje Najnowsze
|
2007
|
issue 3
3-25
EN
Polish historiography lacks a biography of Stanislaw Patek (1866-1944), whose name appears in numerous studies on the period, which depict him as one of the prominent protagonists of the described events. True, we have at our disposal an excellent biogram by Zbigniew Landau in 'Polski slownik biograficzny' (Polish Biographical Dictionary), but many fragments of his life remain unknown or unclear. We know that Patek was one of the leading lawyers in the Kingdom of Poland in 1903-–1914, and a celebrated defender in political trials. Moreover, he was associated with the freemasons and the socialists but predominantly with the liberals, the continuators of positivistic thought, people engaged in socio-political activity, frequently of a pro–independence nature. Already during the revolution of 1905 Patek established contact with Józef Pilsudski and in the following years became one of his collaborators. As Pilsudski's representative he was dispatched to the Paris peace conference in December 1918. During the war waged against Bolshevik Russia Patek fulfilled the function of minister of foreign affairs (16 December 1919 - 9 June 1920). In the years 1921-1926 he acted as an envoy to Tokyo, and in 1927-1932 - to Moscow; from 1933 to 1936 he was the Polish Ambassador to Washington. During the 1936-1939 period Patek was appointed by the President to the Senate of the Republic of Poland and was a member of the Senate Committee for Foreign Affairs. He was also one of the opponents of Józef Beck, the then minister of foreign affairs. Stanislaw Patek was indubitably one of the more interesting figures in the Kingdom of Poland and the Second Republic. From a defender of terrorists - this being the name given at the time to revolutionaries and independence activists - and subsequently a supporter of the freemasonry and the liberal movement, he became a diplomat of the independent Republic. Chief place in Patek's professional work and life was occupied by Russian issues, which probably comprise a key to his biography.
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