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1

Inwigilacja środowiska akademickiego w PRL Służba Bezpieczeństwa w Uniwersytecie Śląskim

100%

Drogoń A.

Z Dziejów Prawa

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2012

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vol. 5(13)

339-357

EN

The security service (SB) has been interested in the staff of the University of Silesia since its creation (1968), however, a significant increase in that type of interest was noticed in the 1970s and 1980s. The scope of observation of academic circles has increased at that time, finishing this very process with the formation of a separate unit of the SB in 1982, the task of which was a struggle with anti-systemic attitudes in the environment of higher education in Katowice. In its operation- al work, SB gained secret agents (TW) from the academic circle (academics, students, academic- technical workers, supportive organs), and used operational connections (KO). The operational connections involved usually members of the Polish United Workers Party. It was assumed that they are to some extent obliged to “help” the security organs, without imposing any formal com- mitments consisting in signing the declarations of cooperation on the secret service organ at the same time. They worked more eagerly than secret agents who were often gained via blackmail or other forms of compulsion. Operational contacts in the form of people performing big and decisive functions in the university were often used. After November 1989, a subsequent reorganization of the SB, deriving from a change of the political situation in the country, the task of the “security” of higher education and academic institutions was taken over (together with an agency) by the Constitutional State Order Protec- tion Division. Its officers closed the case “University” in January 1990 and made the exposition materials be destroyed. Finally, the observation of the academic circle by the structures of the security service finished with its liquidation between May and August 1990.

2

„Winni zbrodni”? — o próbach rozliczenia „stalinowskich” prokuratorów w latach 1956—1958

100%

Maksimiuk M.

Z Dziejów Prawa

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2012

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vol. 5(13)

323-338

EN

Political revival in Poland in 1956 characterised by among others a progressive freedom of speech, brought about criticism of the Stalinist period, including criticism of the judiciary. At that time, the first attempt to call Stalinist prosecutors accused of breaking law and order to ac- count. In so doing, even the special committees were established. Their conclusions were only partially realized. None of the prosecutors indicated in the committee reports was brought to court between 1956 and 1958. The only “inconveniences” some of them experienced included relegation to a different prosecutor’s position, exemption from the prosecutor’s office or lowering the military rank in the case of military prosecutors.

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Oficjalne kontakty międzynarodowe młodzieży w PRL‑u

75%

Sadowska J.

Studia Podlaskie

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2012

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vol. 20

225-244

EN

Poles in the People’s Republic of Poland, the same as other societies that found themselves behind the Iron Curtain, had very limited possibilities of foreign contacts. This isolation strongly and negatively affected youth, by nature brisk and world curious. Total lack of communication with the West was attempted to be compensated by publicizing also very limited official contacts with other socialist states. Tat is why youth organizations signed cooperation agreements with brotherly associations, organized delegations’ visits or common conferences, invited foreign guests to their conventions, were members of international left-wing associations such as, e.g., World Federation of Democratic Youth, an organizer of World Festivals of Youth and Students. These contacts, however, regarded a very narrow group of activists due to substantial political risk they carried. After 1956, possibilities of foreign travel were gradually increasing. There appeared student foreign grants, mostly to socialist countries, as well as organized foreign tourism - via travel agents “Juventur” and “Almatur”, or youth “Friendship Trains”. Foreign trips or apprenticeships became a bait of official organizations, a tool to motivate and reward the members. Te participants appreciated unofficial aspects of such trips – private contacts, and the possibility of winning substantial profits in small trade in particular.

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2 Z Dziejów Prawa

1 Studia Podlaskie

1 Drogoń A.

1 Maksimiuk M.

1 Sadowska J.

3 2012

Inwigilacja środowiska akademickiego w PRL Służba Bezpieczeństwa w Uniwersytecie Śląskim

„Winni zbrodni”? — o próbach rozliczenia „stalinowskich” prokuratorów w latach 1956—1958

Oficjalne kontakty międzynarodowe młodzieży w PRL‑u