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EN
Vilnius and especially the district of bohemians — Užupis is the main place where the action of Jurgis Kunčinas’ novel Tula takes place. Narrator describes a plan of the district with great accuracy and thereby gives it specific personality. The district plays an individual role of a character who lives their own life. Simultaneously, the city gets carnality and some kind of human physiology — “innards and cesspit of real Užupis tear apart.”
PL
The attention of the spectators looking at the Arch of Septimius Severus in Rome, as well as the attention of researchers studying the monument focuses on the impression and the ideological import of the entire monument or on the so-called historical reliefs in its main sections which illustrate Parthian campaigns of Septimius Severus. The article, however, sets out to reflect on the content of the so-called triumphal frieze. It has been established to contain an allegory of the Roman triumph and a metaphorical summing up of the content presented in the embellishments of the entire monument. There are no scenes of combat here, only their finale. Two sitting figures, that of personified Parthiaand Roma come to the fore among the elements of representation. The remaining of these, namely the soldiers carrying the spoils of war, a procession of prisoners and tribute payers, serve merely as a backdrop to these leading figures. The relations symbolised between these two forces, Parthiaand Roma, may be called a “war of personifications”. At the same time, the balance turns in favour of the Roman side. It is the majestic Dea Roma who receives the honours from the vanquished becoming  Roma triumphans. Meanwhile the Parthia capta passively resigns itself to its fate. 
EN
The study deals with a partial subject of poetics, which Ladislav Ballek applied in his artistically most interesting work Agáty (1981, Black Locusts). It focuses on the transformation of space time (the town of Palánk), in terms of genre a varied epic reality, which develops a personal element (a town as a protagonist). The function change of the mentioned elements of Agáty´s motif structure is regarded as a result of a long-term process, which is obvious from the analysis of the poetics typical of the novella collection Južná pošta (1974, Southern post) and the novel Pomocník (1977, Assistant), which are both related to Agáty through their space time settings and migration of the characters. The summary of the original literary-critical findings, responding to Ballek´s novel poetics metamorphoses, is extended by both poet logical analysis of the titles and chapter titles found in the Palánk series (primary signals of the outlined process) and identification of a pattern-like nature of the space time organization of the prose Palánk – štvrť mačiek (Cat quarter, part 1 in the novel Agáty), which is applicable throughout the opus. This example is used to demonstrate ambivalence and dynamic nature of spatial parameters as well as the use of them in the motif axes of characters (personification) or space time is predetermined by the narrative strategy. It presents personification mechanisms in Pomocník and Agáty and the semantic results showing the artistic variety of both authors´ contexts and the prose in the 1970s and 1980s as a whole.
ARS
|
2009
|
vol. 42
|
issue 2
291-309
EN
A portrait of a ruler as a personification of the state had been one of the most common commissions from artists, and it was not different also during the 19th century. The first half of the 19th century witnessed a shift in the way of portraying an emperor - from the absolutist feature to a closer relation to citizens of the state. The article exemplifies this line of development by a number of representative portraits of Habsburg monarchs - namely Francis I, Ferdinand V and Francis Joseph I - by painters like Jacob Cimbal, Carl Steinacker or Friedrich Lieder, deposited in Slovak Galleries and Museums Collections.
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