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EN
In this article an etymology of the Russian place name Meshchovsk, a town in the Kaluga region, is discussed. The earliest variants of this name mentioned in historical sources imply a different original form; the modern form of this toponym is a result of several consequent phonetic changes. V. A. Nikonov's etymology, explaining this name as coming from Lettish 'forest, grove', Lithuanian mikas 'forest', is inadequate from the phonetic point of view. In our opinion, the old place name originates from an unattested Slavonic hydronym. The root *mez- is rather frequent in East Slavonic river names; on the appellative level it occurs in words meaning 'the little finger (toe)', 'a youngest child', etc., and is related to Lithuanian mazas 'small', Lettish mazs, Old Prussian massais 'less' (E. Berneker, A. Brueckner and others). Thus the etymological meaning of this hydronym is 'a small stream'.
Slavia Orientalis
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2006
|
vol. 55
|
issue 2
279-288
EN
The authoress presents the issue of the Ukrainian dialect of the San river region in the aspect of modern development. The material presented was collected from the oldest and the youngest representatives of the Ukrainian dialect in the villages of Kalników, Gaje, Nienowice and Chotyniec in Poland (Podkarpackie Voivodeship). In the past centuries, the region was inhabited mainly by the population of the Ukrainian origin. Nowadays, the inhabitants of these villages live in the vicinity of Polish dialects. The article is concerned with phonetic features of vowels and consonants, and rules of their articulation. The phonetic and lexical changes that occur in the dialect were shown on the basis of the differences in the pronunciation of the older, middle-aged, and young generations.
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