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1

MOMENTOUS HISTORIC EVENTS IN THE MODERN CZECHOSLOVAK HISTORY AND THEIR PLACE IN THE IDEOLOGICAL FRAMEWORK OF PRE-WAR CZECHOSLOVAKIA

100%
Olejník M.
Človek a spoločnosť. Internetový časopis pre pôvodné teoretické a výskumné štúdie z oblasti spoločenských vied
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2009
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vol. 12
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issue 2
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EN
The article is a summary of celebration of the 28th October 1918 and Pittsburgh agreement in Slovakia in epoch of the pre-Munich Czechoslovakia. Representatives of the Czechoslovak Republic accentuated the consolidation of the state position. Besides security and economic factors, ideological justification of state played very important role in minds of his citizens as well as abroad. Important historical events, which had determining importance for formation of Czechoslovakia, had unchangeable function in this process. And these were the 28th October 1918 and Pittsburgh agreement.
2

THE VISIT OF DELEGATES OF THE AMERICAN SLOVAK LEAGUE TO SLOVAKIA (JUNE – AUGUST 1938) AND THEIR EFFORT TO IMPLEMENT THE PITTSBURGH AGREEMENT INTO THE CZECHOSLOVAK CONSTITUTION

75%
Olejník M.
Človek a spoločnosť. Internetový časopis pre pôvodné teoretické a výskumné štúdie z oblasti spoločenských vied
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2017
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vol. 20
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issue 3
-
EN
The Czechoslovak Republic (CSR), which was established in the Central European region as one of states after the demise of Austro-Hungarian Empire, was characterized as a state with a complex ethnic structure. Besides Czechs and Slovaks its inhabitants belonged to various ethnic minorities. The influences on the political development of the new state were the German community living predominantly in the western part of the Czech lands and a Hungarian minority settled mainly in Southern Slovakia. In both cases these ethnic groups were included in Czechoslovakia against the approval of the majority of their people. Therefore, they were a potential threat to the security of the Republic. Czech and Slovak political leaders were aware of this situation and were compelled to look for a solution. It was imperative to create a unity between both communities and in this way to eliminate the danger to the CSR. The road to the imposition of the dominant position of Czechs and Slovak in the new Republic was the creation of a political construct of a unified Czechoslovak Nation, consisting of two “branches” – the Czechs and the Slovaks. The adherents to this concept argued that, ethnic, linguistic and psychological closeness between both communities was so deep that only historical developments had prevented a fusion of them into one nation in the past. Shortly after the establishment of the CSR this conviction was translated into a political program presented by the Slovak People Party (HSPP) led by Andrej Hlinka, and the Slovak National Party, where Martin Rázus held a dominant position, till his death. Both leaders demanded autonomy for Slovakia. The form of autonomy was to be based on the Pittsburgh Agreement signed by the representatives of Czechs and Slovaks living in the USA and later the President of the CSR Tomáš Garrigue Masaryk. The signatories of the Pittsburg Agreement consented that Slovakia would have an independent assembly and courts, and that the Slovak language would be the official medium of communication in public intercourse. In the view of autonomist adherents, the Masaryk ́s signature was undisputable proof that the document had a legal relevance.
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