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The article deals with statistical surveys of the population of Czechoslovakia after the Second World War. These included the Population Count for Rations (Supis zasobovanych osôb), which was carried out in Slovakia in 1946, and the Population Count by Profession (Soupis obyvatelstva podle povolani), which was not carried out until 1947, and the first post-war Population Census, conducted in 1950. The article also contains information on selected findings of the Supreme Administrative Court in Prague that pertained to determining the nationality of the population after 1945. Alongside the legal background to the statistical surveys, the article also goes over the circumstances that affected the course of the surveys. The authoress presents a list of survey indicators and the basic results of the statistical surveys. After the Second World War the Supreme Administrative Court in Prague had to occupy itself with defining the phrase 'persons of German or Hungarian nationality' used in the decree rules without any exact definition, and it had to deal with disputes over the nationality of persons as a result of the application of the Benes Decrees. Selected findings of the Supreme Administrative Court on this issue are presented at the end of the article.
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