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COMPARATIVE LITERATURE AND POSTCOLONIAL STUDIES (Literatura porównawcza i studia postkolonialne - nowe otwarcie dla komparatystyki?

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Kolodziejczyk D.
Porównania
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2008
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vol. 5
55-73
EN
The article propounds the thesis that postcolonial studies derive from a comparative impulse and subsequently develop as a discourse comparative in nature. Postcolonialism reveals its comparative drive mostly in the understanding of imperialism as a dynamic forcefield where hegemony, coercion and subjugation are faced and challenged with oppositional forms from sly mimicry through open resistance up to diversity of parodic reclamations and textual reappropriations in the strategy of 'rewriting'. The authoress claims that the new comparativism informed by postcolonial studies, remarkably via Edward Said's work, disrupts binarisms fundamental not only for the imperial thinking about identity, but also for nationalism which needs clear divisions. Comparativism premised on postcolonial studies does not seek to prove the complete rejection and overcoming of colonialism, but, rather, reveals the ambivalent aftermath of colonialism and opens up a new perspective, in Said's words, of nomadic and contrapuntal historiography and history of literature. The foundational theoreticians of postcolonialism - Edward Said, Gayatri Chakravorty Spivak and Homi Bhabha, to mention just the most important names - recognized the importance of the tradition of comparative literature and called for expanding its borders beyond Europe. Likewise, each of them differently, offers a theory of comparativism enhanced by postcolonial sensibilities. The article concludes with a tone of criticism to warn against the all too easy association of postcolonial literature with a global or cosmopolitan migrant writing marketed as the new world literature prophesied by Goethe. Instead of such marketing, a new critical attention to new cosmopolitanisms, new forms of translation, is needed.
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Czy ktoś nie został (spost) kolonizowany? czyli o pożytku z szerokich pojęć

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Poniat R.
Pogranicze. Studia Społeczne
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2013
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vol. 22
79-90
EN
Tis paper discusses phenomenon of the postcolonial studies proliferation. Concepts once created to describe experiences of colonized nations and societies are nowadays applied to former colonial powers and other European countries. Te examples that relate primarily to the works on the Polish postcolonial experience indicate the advantages and disadvantages of such an approach. On the onehand postcolonial theory provides an interesting fresh perspective and sheds a new light on the history and the present day of many European countries, but this new view comes with the price of blurring the subject of postcolonial studies. Any attempt to avoid such a situation is difcult since postcolonial studies by their very nature are open to the multiplicity of discourses and appreciation of the importance of minorities identity.
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Czarna rozpacz, białe światło: o potworności metyzacji w Dzieciach królowej Oceanii Sygurda Wiśniowskiego

100%
Forajter W.
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2012
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vol. 10
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issue 1(18)
39-47
EN
The essay Black despair, white light. On the monstrosity of metisation in “Dzieje królowej Oceanii” (“The Story of the Queen of Oceania”) by Sygurd Wiśniowski fo-cuses on the way of perceiving the problem of “race mixing” in the post-colonial discourse. The vision of a “half-caste” presented in this discourse is connected with the negative category of hybridity. In that perspective a Metis or Mulatto is a monstrous freak, deprived of a distinct identity. The protagonist of Wiśniowski’s novel, being such a person, is unable to find the original body scheme, and exists only thanks to the “white man’s look” (F. Fanon). As a result of the complex plot the heroine starts to realise, that her subjectivity is in fact established thanks to the system of differences. In the context of her metamorphosis her hybridity transforms its meaning, bringing it closer to the concepts of “synergism” and “syncretism”, which play an important role in the post-colonial theory because of their power to create new cultural values.
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THE QUESTION OF FLESH IN MODERN UKRAINIAN WOMEN'S PROSE (OKSANA ZABUZHKO: 'POL'OVI DOSLIDZHENNYA Z UKRAINSKOHO SEKSU' AND NATALKA SNIADANKO: 'KOLEKTSIYA PRISTRASTEI, ABO PRIHODI MOLODOI UKRAINKI' (Problem cielesnosci we wspolczesnej ukrainskiej prozi

75%
Skowron J.
Slavia Orientalis
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2009
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vol. 58
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issue 3
313-324
EN
The article considers two novels of Ukrainian authors who are women. Modern Ukrainian authors touch upon a question of flesh. They find new ways of presentation of the women's internal and sexual experience: a story is reported from inside of a women's body. This perspective allows Oksana Zabuzhko in her novel 'Pol'ovi doslidzhenniya z ukrainskoho seksu' (Field Work In Ukrainian Sex) to tell not only about sexual experience of a Ukrainian woman, but also to show some mental consequences of political situation in Ukraine in 20th century. Ukraine was one of the republics in Soviet Union; it was governed from Moscow and in fact was one of Russian colonies. Russian language, literature and culture dominated in the whole Soviet empire. For independent views people were imprisoned or deported far from Ukraine. It caused colonial complex in Ukraine. Oksana Zabuzhko shows that in the ill situation Ukrainian people were disabled to build healthy relationships of any kind, also sexual relationships. The second authoress is Natalka Sniadanko. She is 13 years younger than Oksana Zabuzhko. When in 1991 Ukraine became an independent country, she was only 18 years old. The main character of her novel 'Kolektsiya pristrastei, abo prihodi molodoi Ukrainki' (Collection of Passions or the Adventures of an Ukrainian Girl), is a free woman from a free country. She doesn't want to stay in unhealthy relationships. These differences between the two stories reflect social changes in Ukraine in the last 20 years.
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THE COLONISED IMPERIALIST. ON THE RUSSIAN PARADOX ON THE EXAMPLE OF 'GENERATION P' BY V. PELEVIN AND 'RUSSIA UNDER AVALANCHE' BY A. SOLZHENITSYN (Polish title - below)

75%
Nakoneczny T.
Porównania
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2008
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vol. 5
183-201
EN
(Title in Polish - 'Imperialista skolonizowany. O rosyjskim paradoksie kolonialnym na przykladzie 'Generation P' W. Pielewina i 'Rosja w zapasci' A. Solzenicyna'). The article aims at indicating the major limits of the post-colonial theory that result from its two important aspects: the moral and the political one. The existence of the first reason leads to the fact that postcolonialism is included into the leftist line of thought. The other reason makes it a sort of a weapon for a political fight for prestige and recognition. The case analysed in details is Russian imperialism whose influence on literature can be noticed not only in the past (e.g. in the 19th century classics) but also contemporarily. In order to corroborate the general remarks the author focuses on two works - 'Russia Under Avalanche' by Aleksander Solzhenitsyn and 'Generation P' by Victor Pelewin. The author underscores that both reveal the existence of the Russian paradox that consists in the fact that the identity discourse on the grounds of Russian literature results in a more or less conscious return to thinking in imperialistic categories.
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KANON UND WELTLITERATUR IN DER LITERATURDIDAKTIK: DEUTSCHSPRACHIGER UND US-AMERIKANISCHER DISKURS IM VERGLEICH

75%
Hardtke T.
World Literature Studies
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2015
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vol. 7 (24)
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issue 3
55 – 62
EN
From the late 1960s to the early 2000s, questions of canonization formed one of the central issues of “Deutschdidaktik”, which is the German phrase for the scholarly approach to teaching German language and literature. Within the didactic debate on canon, however, teaching world literature was widely neglected. Instead, the canon debate mainly focused on teaching contemporary literature, children and youth literature and functional literature. When addressing world literature, “Deutschdidaktik” omitted the discussion of fundamental issues of the canon. Things are very different within the US-American discourse. The discussions about teaching world literature and about how to redefine the canon are strongly intertwind. This essay compares the developments within the German and the US-American discourse. It will discuss the reasons for divergent settings of priorities in both canon debates. The essay concludes by suggesting a more intensive dialogue between American and German pedagogic discourse. It states also the need for a stronger inertwining of literary studies and studies of literary education within the German discourse, mainly through an application of postcolonial theorems on literary education.
7
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NOWA ZELANDIA: WPŁYW CZYNNIKÓW GLOBALIZACJI NA ROZWÓJ POLITYKI IMIGRACYJNEJ

63%
Wałdoch M.
Studia Migracyjne - Przegląd Polonijny
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2017
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vol. 43
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issue 1 (163)
149-174
PL
W artykule podjęto się analizy polityki imigracyjnej w Nowej Zelandii. Polityka ta wpływała również na prawo imigracyjne, co odzwierciedla się w tekście. Autor przyjął założenie, że procesy globalizacji, takie jak unifikacja postaw i integracja gospodarcza oraz dywersyfikacja kulturowa, były czynnikami determinującymi rozwiązania przyjęte przez władze brytyjskie i nowozelandzkie w zakresie polityki imigracyjnej w czasie ostatnich 150 lat. To studium skoncentrowane jest na przypadku Polaków, na barierach i możliwościach osiedleńczych, jakie tworzyli politycy i ustawodawca w Aotearoa. Postawiono hipotezę, stanowiącą przypuszczenie, że polityka imigracyjna w Nowej Zelandii i związane z nią ustawodawstwo kreowane były stosownie do priorytetów życia gospodarczego i dominujących ideologii. Dokonana analiza i synteza obejmuje okres od podpisania traktatu z Waitangi (1840 r.) do 2015 r.
EN
In this article an author conducts an analysis of New Zealand’s immigration policy. This policy influenced also immigration law, which is mirrored in the text. The author has made an assumption that the processes of globalization such as: the unification of attitudes, economic integration, and cultural diversification were the determining factors behind the solutions applied in British and New Zealand immigration policy over the past 150 years. This study is focused on the case of Poles, on the barriers and possibilities for settlers, 150 Marcin Wałdoch which were created by politicians and legislators. The hypothesis is that immigration policy and immigration law that are bound with each other were created according to the priorities of economic life and dominant ideologies. The conducted analysis and synthesis concern the period from the time The Treaty of Waitangi (1840) to the year 2015.
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