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EN
Aim of this article is to describe Public-Private Partnership institutions, as an alter-native method of performance of public tasks and to research of co-founding PPP from European Union’s resources in Poland, in budget perspective 2014-2020. Article shows the directions of government’s policy as an distributor of the funds, and influence of this policy on development of institutions of Public-Private Partnerships in Poland. Upon this example role of government as a subject of modern economy, which shapes basic legal- economics market mechanism, will be discussed. Connection of intersectional partnerships PPP types with Union’s Funds, is treated as a hybrid form of realization of public tasks. It is based upon support of investments for public purposes, with non-refundable financial support from UE’s budget. This method is broadly used and gaining popularity, and Poland became a leader of utilization of UE’s founds, as an alternative source of financing of public ventures realized under Public-Privet Partnership.
EN
In recent years, the importance of PPP has increased - but the projects still remain focused and concentrated in the infrastructure / transport industry. Public-private partnership in some areas of the cultural sector could provide many benefits to both par-ties. There is at present an absence of any mentionable experience with PPP projects in the culture and no special legislation for this application area. This article aims to provide a brief analysis of the advantages and problems of the PPP projects in the field of culture that is dominated by the state offers and their influence on the future situation in this sector.
EN
The European Union (EU) is reforming its public services and suggesting Public-Private Partnerships (PPPs) as a solution for producing high quality and cost effective real estate service delivery. However, the use of PPP approach in real estate industries has been found to have significant constraints related to the end-users' (general public's) perspective. The purpose of the paper is to show how PPP projects have failed to produce desirable characteristics expressed in purchasing processes and fulfilment of the end-user expectations. While the customer-oriented development of public services and the needs of the end-users were noted to be crucial points in all five major Finnish PPP projects studied, the case studies pointed out a fundamental lack of understanding and maintaining the end-user perspective through the tendering and evaluation processes. Especially, in the final stage of evaluation, and evaluation criteria used to decision making, the disappearance of the end-users' perspective was evident. The findings are further used to develop a new suggested Public-Private-People Partnership (4P) model. The results can be useful to the public sector's purchasers and to the private sector's providers to understand the limitations of current PPP practices and to further develop their practices towards more customer-oriented service production.
LT
Europos Sąjunga (ES) vykdo viešųjų paslaugų reformą ir viešąsias bei privačiąsias partnerystes (VPP) siūlo kaip sprendimą teikti pigias ir kokybiškas nekilnojamojo turto paslaugas. Tačiau pastebėta, kad nekilnojamojo turto sektoriuose VPP požiūris susiduria su reikšmingais suvaržymais, kurie yra susiję su galutinių vartotojų (plačiosios visuomenės) perspektyva. Šiame darbe siekiama pademonstruoti, kaip VPP projektams nepavyko pasiekti pirkimo procesuose numatytų pageidaujamų charakteristikų ir patenkinti galutinio vartotojo lūkesčius. Nors visi penki pagrindiniai Suomijos VPP projektai, kurie yra nagrinėjami darbe, į klientą orientuotą viešųjų paslaugų plėtrą ir galutinių vartotojų poreikius nurodo kaip svarbiausius punktus, atvejo tyrimai parodė, kad gebėjimo suprasti bei išlaikyti galutinio vartotojo perspektyvą iš esmės tuko ir organizuojant konkursus, ir vertinant. Galutinio vartotojo perspektyvos išnykimas ypač akivaizdžiai išreiškia galutinis vertinimo etapas ir vertinimo kriterijai, kuriais grindžiami sprendimai. Išvados pritaikytos plėtojant naują siūlomą viešosios bei privačiosios žmonių partnerystės (VPŽP) modelį. Rezultatai naudos gali duoti viešojo sektoriaus pirkėjams ir privačiojo sektoriaus tiekėjams, siekiant suprasti esamų VPP praktikų ribotumą ir toliau plėtojant savo praktikas, kad teikiamos paslaugos būtų labiau orientuotos į klientą.
4
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Zastosowanie PPP w sektorze mieszkaniowym w Polsce

83%
PL
Artykuł dotyczy idei PPP w kontekście polskiej polityki mieszkaniowej. Główne aspekty teoretyczne zostały zilustrowane praktycznymi przykładami działań podejmowanych w ramach projektów PPP w sektorze mieszkaniowym. Ocena polityki mieszkaniowej w Polsce została uzupełniona o analizę danych dotyczących projektów PPP, co pomogło w formułowaniu ostatecznych wniosków w zakresie wykorzystania formuły PPP w budownictwie na poziomie gminy. Chociaż PPP można uznać za atrakcyjną formę zaspokajania potrzeb mieszkaniowych społeczności lokalnych, to inicjatywy te w sektorze budownictwa mieszkaniowego są w dalszym ciągu rzadko stosowane. Rodzi to potrzebę przygotowania i wdrożenia w Polsce konkretnej polityki mieszkaniowej promującej PPP. Realizacja tej polityki powinna zmierzać do zwiększenia aktywności rządu, jak również aktywizację współpracy między przedstawicielami instytucji publicznych, prywatnych i non profit.
EN
The article presents the market of public-private partnership (PPP) projects/concessions in Poland, as well as the basic differences between PPP and concessions. The main part of the article deals with a thorough analysis of three issues related to the act on concession contract of 2016, in comparison with the act on concession for construction works or services of 2009. These include the regulations that define a concession contract for construction works or services, regulations related to the estimated value of the contract (which makes an important novelty, as regards preparations for projects realisation), as well as transition and final regulations that allow for precise identification of the legal order in the given case. At the end of the article, the importance of the current works on the amendments to the act on PPP is described, with regard to the issues discussed, for public entities that intend to realise a PPP project/concession.
PL
Współpraca pomiędzy partnerami publicznymi i prywatnymi w ramach partnerstwa publiczno-prawnego staje się coraz bardziej popularna w Polsce. Niemniej jednak, kwestia odpowiedzialności międzypokoleniowej za jej skutki nie jest brana pod uwagę przy ocenie wyników i wad kontraktów PPP. Autorka bada kilka polskich przedsięwzięć PPP w celu określenia najważniejszych elementów odpowiedzialności międzypokoleniowej.
EN
PPP‐style cooperation between public and private partners is becoming more popular in Poland. Nevertheless, the issue of intergenerational responsibility for its effects is not taken into consideration while assessing the outcomes and drawbacks of PPP contracts. The author examines several Polish PPP undertakings in order to delineate the most important components of intergenerational responsibility.
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