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"Rührung, rühren, rührend" : Pražské přednášky Augusta Gottlieba Meissnera v kontextu německé estetiky 18. století

100%
Hlobil T.
Česká literatura (Czech Literature)
|
2010
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vol. 58
|
issue 3
293-317
EN
The terms Rührung, rühren, rührend, and gerührt occur with extraordinary frequency in the lectures on aesthetics and poetics which were given at Prague University by August Gottlieb Meißner (1753–1807), as recorded by his students Josef Jungmann and Josef Liboslav Ziegler. The article aims to explain how Meißner, the ordinarius of aesthetics and classical literature at Prague, worked with these terms in his lectures and it seeks to demonstrate how their use was connected with the Enlightenment aesthetics of the eighteenth century, particularly in the German-speaking lands. The ennoblement of this set of terms in aesthetics at Prague University in the late eighteenth and early nineteenth centuries was probably not based on any specific work. Instead, it was connected with the general aesthetic trends of the times, particularly the influential German ‘aesthetics of effect’ (Wirkungsästhetik) of the second half of the eighteenth century. This current, which constituted an alternative to the contemplatively conceived transcendental aesthetics of Immanuel Kant, made the emotions the basis of taste and art, adding a psychological-anthropological aspect to aesthetic thinking, without losing sight of the importance, even paramouncy, of the moral contribution of art. Meißner’s lectures constitute a hitherto unknown, hard to overlook part of this current of German aesthetics, which was developed at a university in the Austrian Monarchy, that is to say, beyond the frontiers of the traditional central German and north German centres of aesthetic thought. Though the concentrated interest in Rührung places Meißner’s lectures into this current, the absolutization of the term, resulting in a deliberate weakening of the moral aspect, shifts the lectures to the margins. The double role of Rührung, the most typical, most distinctive feature of the lectures, shows that Meißner was familiar not only with contemporaneous German views but also with the strikingly more pointed French and English viewpoints, which he had absorbed probably during his years at Leipzig.
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Postoj pražských přírodovědců ke krásným vědám a estetice ve druhé polovině 18. století

75%
Hlobil T.
Český časopis historický (The Czech Historical Review)
|
2008
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vol. 106
|
issue 2
288-326
EN
The attitudes of Prague naturalists from the second half of the 18th century to Schone Wissenschaften and Aesthetics have not yet been the subject of systematic research. One exception might be the clashes between supporters of the most important Bohemian naturalist Ignaz von Born (1742-1791) and supporters of the University Professor of Schone Wissenschaften Karl Heinrich Seibt (1735-1806), which occurred in the first half of the 1770s. This study investigates the views of Bohemian naturalists during the period starting with the introduction of natural sciences at Prague University in the 1750s until the end of the 18th century when these disciplines came to enjoy a high reputation. The approach adopted here is based on an analysis of the printed and archival materials with the aim of drawing attention to the as yet unknown circumstances, together with the novel approach to traditional topics, headed by the above mentioned dispute between Born and Seibt's supporters.
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