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K distribuci a funkci ingresivního významu u předponových sloves

100%
Rechzieglova A.
Slovo a slovesnost: časopis pro otázky teorie a kultury jazyka (Slovo a slovesnost: A journal for the theory of language and language cultivation)
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2010
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vol. 71
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issue 2
83-115
EN
The aim of this paper was to collect an inventory of Czech prefixed verbs with the meaning 'to start doing something' (ingressivity). This meaning is obtained by joining the prefixes na-, pro-, roz-, vy-, vz- and za- to lexical bases which can be characterized as action verbs. The basic distinctive feature of ingressive meaning is the contrast with the foregoing action (or non-action). This can be perceived most clearly with verbs expressing sounds (rozstekat se 'to start barking') or movements (vybehnout (na drahu) 'to start running on the race course'). In compliance with the prefixes, we divided 595 selected derivatives into groups, which we further differentiated into subclasses using semantic and morphological attributes of the verbs. Based on the role of the agent and the character of the action, we distinguished 3 types of ingressive meaning: 1) as in rozplakat se 'to start crying', 2) as in nakousnout (toust) 'to start eating a toast' and 3) as in rozplakat (nekoho) 'to make someone start crying'. The ingressive meaning occurs with verbs used literally as well as metaphorically. With some polysemic verbs, a certain type of complement is needed (e.g. an adverb of time) to achieve the analyzed meaning.
2

Ke slovesnému vidu v češtině

100%
Vesely L.
Naše řeč (Our Speech)
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2010
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vol. 93
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issue 3
113-124
EN
This article briefly treats the system of Czech verbal aspect. The author touches upon several important matters which have been the subject of research on Czech verbal aspect. The text contains the following sections: 1. basic delimitation of the aspectual category; 2. two types of verbal pairs; 3. the task of prefixation (or verbal prefixes) in the system of verbal aspect; 4. biaspectual verbs; 5. aspectual non-parity.
3
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Slovesná prefixace ve světle Langackerovy kognitivní gramatiky

100%
Lehouckova Z.
Slovo a slovesnost: časopis pro otázky teorie a kultury jazyka (Slovo a slovesnost: A journal for the theory of language and language cultivation)
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2010
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vol. 71
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issue 4
340-349
EN
Word-formation is the ‘border zone' between linguistic system and linguistic usage. Langacker's usage-based approach to language represents an attempt to describe and explain a linguistic system as a product of cognitive processes (e.g. perception, attention, categorization, memory). This paper proposes an alternative approach to the description and explanation of semantic characteristics of Czech verbal prefixes (of the prefix vy- in particular) using Langacker's ideas as the most important theoretical basis. The variety of semantic behaviour of the Czech prefix vy- is traditionally explained as a rich polysemy of this morpheme or as a loss of its meaning. This paper supposes a multi-level system of schematic verbal concepts (linguistic units) related to the most general meaning of the prefix vy-: ‘schematic vy-verbs'. Each of them is an abstraction of a category of real vy-verbs. For example, the verbal category vyzurit se, vyplakat se, vydovadet se, vypsat se, vypovidat se is represented by a schematic vy-verb ‘vy-V ('vent emotions') (se)'. These schematic verbal concepts are considered very important for the process of prefixation, especially in cases of significant semantic difference between simplex and prefixed verb. This approach should be able to identify previously unnoticed semantic relations.
4
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O vidu slovesa soustředit se. Příspěvek k otázce jazykové správnosti

88%
Veselý L.
Naše řeč (Our Speech)
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2011
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vol. 94
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issue 3
134-142
EN
This article is devoted to the long-term problem of which aspectual value of the verb soustředit se (to concentrate) should be used. It explores the question of whether the present-day imperfective usage is a result of the speaker’s diminished ability to discern between the perfect and imperfect aspect, or whether it is an unsurprising consequence of the position of the verb in the system of prefixed verbs.
5
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Dvojitá prefixace a sémantika sloves pohybu

75%
Docekal M.
Slovo a slovesnost: časopis pro otázky teorie a kultury jazyka (Slovo a slovesnost: A journal for the theory of language and language cultivation)
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2009
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vol. 70
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issue 4
327-342
EN
In this paper, the author discusses the aspectual system of Czech and in particular, the prefix combinations in verbs. Following the arguments of Gehrke (2009) and the general model of Zwarts (2005), he argues that as upward monotone vectors, the goal prefixes 'do-' and 'pri-' cannot be modified by the measure prefix 'po-' (there are no verbs such as *po-do-skocit or *po-pri-jet). He then offers a formal treatment of paths and events homomorphism for motion verbs in Czech. Based on the examined data, the author argues in favor of keeping separate two distinctions in the aspectual system of Czech: telicity and perfectivity. The paper as a whole is dedicated to the integration of the formal treatment of Czech aspect with vector space semantics for preposition phrases and prefixes.
6
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Utvářenost slov vstupujících do pomístních jmen na Moravě a ve Slezsku

63%
Šlosar D.
Acta onomastica
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2010
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vol. 51
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issue 1
314-338
EN
Formation of Words Entering Moravian and Silesian Anoikonyms – Minor Place Names The article explores the formation of nouns and adjectives entering the anoikonyms of Moravia and Silesia. The presented survey is based exclusively on the headword-book containing 33 000 headwords, which was processed at the Department of Dialectology of the Academy of Science of the Czech Republic in Brno. It gives the word-formative forms of individual names according to the formants and the connectivity of the formants with the bases of certain parts of speech, possibly the connectivity of components in compounds. The geographical differentiation of the observed forms was not considered. The aim is to state how the respective wordformative forms participate in the resulting meaning of the anoikonyms.
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