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INFORMATION ETHICS - REASONS AND BEGINNINGS

100%
Trzesicki K.
Archeus. Studia z bioetyki i antropologii filozoficznej
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2007
|
issue 8
141-170
EN
A change can be evaluated by means of ethical and pragmatic values. Progress is change which entails higher evaluation in comparison with the former state. We ask a question whether progress evaluated by means of pragmatic values is also progress in ethical categories and vice versa: is something receiving better ethical evaluation something that also receives better pragmatic evaluation? The answer to both questions is 'no'. Whether progress measured by pragmatic values is progress in ethical dimension is decided by those who make and use that progress. A critical area for progress is information technology. A contemporary form of information technology is computer science technology. The technology brings tools for transmitting, storing, processing and searching for information. It is the most powerful information technology. Its origins date to the early 21st century. We are incapable of foreseeing its results. Computer scientists as creators and users of the technology should be particularly trustworthy people. An ethical reflection has accompanied the development and propagation of computer science in the United States. Today, along with globalization, it has become a global issue.
2

POLITIKA MEDZI DISKURZOM A TEÓRIOU. NEDOSTATOK RACIONALITY?

88%
Lysý J.
Studia Politica Slovaca: časopis pre politické vedy, najnovšie politické dejiny a medzinárodné vzťahy
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2009
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vol. 2
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issue 1
23 – 31
EN
Policies on the threshold of the third Millennium still seem to be reluctant to decide between economic growth and social distribution. In our context a search for proportionating of the micro- and macro- worlds of politics cannot leave out such terms as for example a progress. It is not simple to prove whether objective progress does or does not exist. Even in early times of modernity philosophers knew well that a rational argument cannot be applied because scientific progress reasoning as a rational argument is part of science method. Social sciences deem it fruitful to search for fundamental contradictions when analysing social reality. When studying capitalism we must consider its raison d´être, the never ending capital accumulation. It is not simple to answer to the question why the modernity ideologists were promising what could not be fulfilled, why people believed their promises and why they do not believe them today. Thus the problem of rationality today is influenced by this situation.
3

FILOZOFIA DEJÍN BEZ HISTORICKEJ NEVYHNUTNOSTI (?)

88%
Hohoš L.
Filozofia (Philosophy)
|
2016
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vol. 71
|
issue 3
186 – 196
EN
In his article the author justifies a critical attitude towards both the Enlightenment concept of progress and the European philosophy of history based on teleology. Adorno’s negative dialectics provides an inspiration in getting rid of the monster of historical necessity in philosophy of history. Adorno’s attitude is overtime due to his using the concept of dominance to anticipate the need to rethink the relation between civilization (culture) and nature. Instead of growth fetishism a new economic paradigm of degrowth is postulated, performed by N. Georgescu-Roegen. The vision of a new civilization is embodied in the vision of a society of sustainable degrowth. This new civilization is able to sustain homeostasis-like negentropia in the form of a feedback through culture.
4

Hledání minimálního slovníku: jazyková analýza ideje pokroku

88%
Holecek T.
Teorie vědy (Theory of Science)
|
2008
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vol. 17/30
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issue 3-4
117-148
EN
The article provides a language analysis of the idea of progress. It briefly outlines the method of search for minimal vocabulary as has been proposed by Bertrand Russell in 'Human Knowledge, Its Scope and Limits'. Then it considers the application of this method to a social theory, namely to the language used in a theory of progress. As an example theory it uses the well known essay 'L'anciene regime et la revolution' (1856) by Alexis de Tocqueville. The language of the theory is analyzed, abstracted expressions are pointed out and the minimal vocabulary is presented: it consists of verb-expressions 'to see', 'to be wrong', 'to doubt', 'to think', 'to feel', 'to be surprised', 'to choose', 'to express' and 'to rely'; of noun-expressions 'demise', 'cause', 'change', 'nature' and 'banality' together with pronouns and logical expressions. The rules for construction of composed expressions and propositions are set up and a reconstruction of the object language is suggested. The abstract character of the method is reflected.
5

POZNÁMKY O RACIONALITE V KONTEXTE REKONŠTRUKCIE SOCIÁLNYCH A HUMANITNÝCH VIED

88%
Lysý J.
Filozofia (Philosophy)
|
2009
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vol. 64
|
issue 9
849-860
EN
In recent scientific and philosophical discussions the concept of Enlightenment has often been reconsidered. This reconsideration takes place in an era of a 'universal apologizing' of all to everybody and for everything. In this atmosphere the meaning of the historical eras, such as Renaissance or Humanism is often forgotten. However, a rational reconstruction of these events is important in order to understand the present era. The original Enlightenment idea of progress dismissed the old orders for their disability to keep pace with knowing. Not even today the scepticism against rationality can be the solution. Seen from this point of view the situation is different today. The paper tries to show its specific character.
6

Filozofia kultury i życia Ludwiga Wittgensteina – droga alternatywna do ponowoczesności?

63%
Lipowicz M.
Kwartalnik Filozoficzny
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2015
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vol. 43
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issue 4
21-43
EN
In the present article I outline the main differences between Nietzsche and Wittgenstein concerning the anthropological and cultural dimension of social life. One of the most crucial aspects of social life is the image of man as the axiological point of reference. Although Wittgenstein, like Nietzsche, observed and criticized the simultaneousness decline of culture and progress of Western civilization, I argue that Wittgenstein poses an alternative view on the human condition and the possibilities of overcoming the cultural crisis of modernity. Unlike Nietzsche, who suggested that the only solution is a radical transformation of man into the Übermensch, Wittgenstein proposes harmony with the world and taming the human ego. Wittgenstein’s philosophy of culture and life can be regarded as an alternative for the transition of the Western culture from modernity to postmodernity based on the belief in the potential of the human being and humankind.
7

Romantyczna konceptualizacja przeszłości w myśli rosyjskiej

63%
Jedliński M.
Sensus Historiae. Studia interdyscyplinarne
|
2011
|
issue 1(2)
109-121
EN
This paper discusses the Russian Romantics’ reflection on time and history within the metaphysical and existential context. The fear of transience, the desire to stop the changes determined the shape of historiosophy of Khomakov Aleksey, Vladimir Odoyevsky or Stepan Shevyriov. They made a sentimental journey into the world of the Middle Ages, feudal Europe, which was closer to the unchanging eternity, in contrast to the variable age of capitalism and progress. With these thoughts originated the concept of the historic mission of the young Russia, confronted with the old world of the West, already deprived of their development prospectives in the Christian spirit. Placed in pre-capitalist past — eternity Russia could give the West the knowledge of how to stop the unbearable, anxiety arousing change.
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