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Problem twórczości w koncepcji Jana Mazurkiewicza

100%
Hetman G.
Zagadnienia Naukoznawstwa
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2011
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vol. 47
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issue 4(190)
687-701
EN
Jan Mazurkiewicz (1871-1947), pioneer of the Polish school in psychiatry, linked the problem of the genius and creator with the level of development of the nervous system and its emotional function. The nervous system and its anatomical basis display vertical hierarchy. Due to that special structure, emotional and cognitive dynamisms are transformed and due to features of the cerebral cortex and specific emotionality bound with this structure (the frontal lobes) man is able to create science, culture, and art. When the control of the higher nerve centers is in disorder, the person goes mad, often destructive in realm of culture and society. Thus the genius, present in culture of many generations, fights with madness that destroys and kills. The function of the frontal-logical dynamisms is stronger, however structurally and developmentally it is the weakest. The results obtained by J. Mazurkiewicz seem to be, as compared with contemporary state of the art in science, still actual since they are based on relevant clinical evidence.
2
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Antropologia filozoficzna Antoniego Kępińskiego źródła i inspiracje

100%
Bulaczek A.
Archeus. Studia z bioetyki i antropologii filozoficznej
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2012
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vol. 13
155-172
EN
There can be no doubt that the thinking of Antoni Kępiński was profoundly affected by philosophical thought. The author of the article shows the philosophical foundations fanthropology developed by this prominent Polish psychiatrist. First of all, the paper introduces sources of anthropology developed by Kępiński which should be found in the philosophy of dialogue, phenomenology and existential philosophy. In the light of works of Kępiński one can notice that his philosophical anthropology was saturated with influence of dialogue thought. The essence of Kępiński’s encounters with patients can be summed up in J. Tischner’s line: I know you can understand me, so we exist. Another great inspiration of Kępiński’s anthropological psychiatry was phenomenology which was introduced into European psychiatry by Karl Jaspers as an important tool for psychopathological research. Thanks to descriptive phenomenology and category of “empathy” the psychiatrist could reach the states of consciousness of other man and understand his suffering. For Kępiński, only a specific kind of emotional relationship based on empathy could be the key to complete knowledge of the man fighting with mental illnesses. What is more, the article presents existential philosophy, its impact on psychiatry and Kępiński’s opinion about existential psychotherapy. Finally, the author of the paper stresses the value of Kępiński’s anthropology which maintains many of cognitive qualities important for philosophers.
3

LOCATION FACTORS OF PSYCHIATRIC HEALTH CARE FACILITIES (Determinanty lokalizacji placowek opieki psychiatrycznej)

100%
Chudak M.
Optimum. Studia Ekonomiczne
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2012
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issue 1(55)
154-163
EN
One of the negative effects of the dynamic social and economic development is a consistent increase in the number of mental disorder cases, particularly depression, neurosis and schizophrenia. In view of the above, the aim of this paper is to identify and characterise the factors which should govern the location of psychiatric health care facilities. The author also attempts to distinguish between general and specific location prerequisites, and to classify them according to importance, the criterion being people's welfare and not the profitability of undertaking.
4
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The Definition of Mental Illness

88%
Kapusta A.
Zagadnienia Naukoznawstwa
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2008
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vol. 44
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issue 3-4
269-284
EN
In this paper, some difficulties connected with the notion of 'mental illness' are presented. Firstly, the author concentrates on the conditions necessary for creating a good definition of mental illness and demonstrates the presence of two groups of criteria, which are in opposition to one another and cannot be reconciled. Next, relating to 'conceptual map' of mental disorders (following B. Fulford), common characteristics of psychiatric conditions are sketched out. On the basis of these analyses, the sources of such a diversity of perspectives on mental illness are located (from biomedical model to anti-psychiatry movement). The author points out that these definitional problems stem from accepting the implicit model of physical illness and the hope for naturalization of psychopathological disorders. The limitation of this biomedical perspective is presented by promoting the thesis that mental illness is a kind of metaphor. However, the consequences of such assumptions are different than those of Thomas Szasz' sceptic position. It means that the trouble with the concept of mental disorder is part of the dynamics of scientific research and discoveries and especially medical practice, where extra-theoretical factors are important part supporting official theories and therapeutic methods.
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