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Międzynarodowy ruch turystyczny zagrożeniem dla zabytków architektury nabatejskiej i społeczności lokalnej na terenie Petry

100%
Wójtowicz B.
Prace Komisji Geografii Przemysłu Polskiego Towarzystwa Geograficznego
|
2018
|
vol. Volume 32, Issue 1
96-107
PL
Jednym z najlepiej zagospodarowanych i najczęściej odwiedzanych przez turystów krajów Bliskiego Wschodu jest Jordania. Jordania posiada wiele atrakcji turystycznych. Do najbardziej znanych i najczęściej odwiedzanych przez turystów należy skalne miasto Petra, była stolica arabskiego królestwa, miasto Nabatejczyków w południowo-zachodniej Jordanii, w którym znajduje się wiele cennych zabytków. Uprawianie turystyki zwykle ma wydźwięk pozytywny i rzadko kojarzy się z negatywnymi konsekwencjami. Podjęcie tej problematyki było związane ze wzrostem natężenia międzynarodowego ruchu turystycznego i jego niekorzystnym wpływem na zabytki i społeczność lokalną. Celem badawczym była analiza ruchu turystycznego Petry na tle wybranych atrakcji turystycznych Jordanii oraz wpływu zagrożenia, jakie niesie rozwój usług turystycznych oferowanych w tym regionie, na zabytki architektury i zamieszkujące Petrę plemiona beduińskie.
EN
With its numerous tourist attractions Jordan is one of the most developed and the most frequently visited country in the Middle East. The rock city of Petra, which was the capital of “the Arabian Kingdom”, also known as the city of Nabataeans, located in the south-western part of Jordan with many valuable sights and monuments, appears to be the best-known and most frequently visited city by tourists. Tourism, in general, is usually associated with positive and rarely with negative consequences. Therefore, the discussed issues were related to the increasing intensity of international tourist flows and their negative impact on the sights and monuments, as well as on the local community. The research objective was to analyse the tourist flows in Petra considering selected tourist attractions of Jordan. Its aim was also to investigate the negative impact of the development of tourist services offered in this region on the architectural monuments and the Bedouin tribes living in Petra.
2
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From Paganism to Christianity. General Remarks on the Religious Changes in Petra (1st–6th Cent. AD)

85%
Al-Nasarat M.
Studia Ceranea
|
2018
|
vol. 8
209-236
EN
The aim of this paper is to shed some light on the period of Petra’s passage from paganism to Christianity, which saw the deterioration of pagan beliefs and the struggle for survival between paganism and Christianity. The recognition of Christianity as the official religion of the Byzantine Empire in 313 AD did not mean that paganism had disappeared from Petra. In fact, most of the Nabataean temples in the city remained open until the second half of the 4th century AD, when the city was hit by the earthquake of 363. It was this event that had the greatest impact on the abandoning of the city’s temples, such as the Temple of the Winged Lions, the Temple of Qasr el-Bent and the Great Temple. The historical and archaeological evidence confirms the construction of a numer of churches in Petra, which received considerable attention from the Christian clergy and the administration of the city during the 5th and 6th centuries AD.
3
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ZAMAN – CZYLI TAKI JAK PRZED WIEKAMI. W ZGODZIE Z ZABYTKAMI

57%
Rouba M.
Ochrona Zabytków
|
2007
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issue 4
57-66
EN
Upon the basis of the Taybet Zaman Hotel in the Kingdom of Jordan the article shows how it is possible to create an exceptional tourist site and salvage a historical monument important for local culture while respecting its substance. The hotel was established in the old centre of a Bedouin village leased from the inhabitants. Its adaptation for a new function was conducted by taking into consideration all the principles of conservation - maximum respect for the original matter, a distinction between the old and the new, the avoidance of glaring contrasts, and the preservation - albeit symbolic, in view of the introduced alterations - of the original residential-trade functions. Hotel Taybet Zaman is the pride and joy not only of its owners but also of the local community - it even contains a royal apartment used by the monarch and his family. The authors managed to create an exceptional site, different from the network hotels built at present. Taybet Zaman - its Arabian name means: 'the village of Taybet, just as centuries ago' - is already the second undertaking of the owners in which they used historical monuments as a base for creating tourist amenities. Skilful revitalisation carried out in accordance with the art of conservation and with consideration for the historical monument guaranteed success, also financial. The example of Taybet Zaman emphasises the importance of the adroit use of the assets of historical monuments in their adaptation to new functions. It also demonstrates how by cultivating local heritage and identity it possible to play a prominent cultural role by enabling monuments to cease being an unwanted and costly burden and to obtain profits from their original character.
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