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Případ pirahã

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EN
The article presents in four parts (Problem, Presentation, Polemic, Lesson) ethnolinguistic consequences of the „gaps“ discovered by US linguist Daniel L. Everett in a little-known Amazonian Language Pirahã. The gaps, and in particular the absence of recursion, unique to human language and thus an inherent component of universal grammar, gave rise to a series of polemics without any convincing or decisive result. Anyways, Everett’s claim that language can be culturally constrained remains a chalenge to continuing research in the field of linguistic anthropology, especially with regard to the relation between syntax, its emergence, and language evolution.
Logos i Ethos
|
2022
|
vol. 59
|
issue 1
23-38
EN
Daniel Everett’s extensive description of the Pirahã tribe allows us to relate the immediacy of experience principle guiding the behavior of its members to a broader epistemological context. In the article, in addition to presenting the principle of the immediacy of experience itself, I argue that it ultimately forms the basis of any epistemology – though it influences subsequent epistemological solutions to varying degrees. The paper also presents the important need to elaborate “levels of abstraction,” which would allow for further research in terms of at least the actual existence of the designations of given so-called abstract concepts.
PL
Szeroko opisane przez Daniela Everetta plemię Pirahã pozwala na odniesienie kierującej zachowaniem jego członków zasady bezpośredniości doświadczenia do szerszego kontekstu epistemologicznego. W artykule poza przedstawieniem samej zasady bezpośredniości doświadczenia uzasadniono, dlaczego stanowi ona ostatecznie podstawę każdej epistemologii – choć w różnym stopniu wpływa na późniejsze rozwiązania epistemologiczne. Sformułowano również postulat opracowania „poziomów abstrakcji”, co pozwoliłoby na prowadzenie dalszych badań pod kątem choćby rzeczywistego istnienia desygnatów danych tzw. pojęć abstrakcyjnych.
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