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EN
In this text author describe structure and membership of PUWP in Cracow in period of stalinism. Communist Party installed in this region in spring 1945 (primary to 1948 so called Polish Workers Party – PWP). Author moved important composition the party: age, education, number, party probation members and candidats. Party is a specific organizations. She dominated in many aspects of public life. Her influency is very strong. This study show how PUWP acting in Cracow.
EN
The main idea of the article was to show how the 1952 election, were discussed among the members of the Provincial Committee of the Polish United Workers' Party in Gdansk. It was the second voting after the war, but it took place in a completely different reality. In Poland, already in force the new constitution, the society was pacified, and the authorities had no real enemies, but in spite of all in the preparations were included the whole state apparatus. Control over the conduct of the voting was necessary, because the authorities were afraid of a boycott of the election, which was the only form of show opposition to the situation in the People's Republic of Poland. In the post-election analysis, it was emphasized that not everything went as it should, but the Communists and so won. In that Poland, couldn’t have been a different result.
EN
The article describes variuos form of the Polish United Workers' Party organisation. It focuses particularly on elementary units, situated in offices, workplaces, institutions, universities and schools. The party's strucuture in the country is discussed individually. Author also indicates the primary rules of the organization of internal units: their number, principles of hierachy and model of subordination.
EN
The minutes of the meetings of the PPR Club (Polish Workers' Party Club) of The MBP (The Ministry of Public Security) are an extremely valuable source of information about the way the party worked and the lives of the main members, who had created the whole structure of the GUC (Main Office of Censorship) that was the unit of the MBP between 1945 and 1947. A great attention was focused on the culture and education commission, which was supposed to be a an important unit of the MBP workers' indoctrination. The way the commission worked was considered insufficient because the administration often changed their directives, that leaded to loss of discipline of the rank and file members of the party's units. The existing documentation shows that the given commands were not often rethought. Even the members of the unit have no idea what the meeting was going to be about. There was no information about what was on the agenda. It was the reason why the members were unwilling to come to the meetings. According to the opinion of the employees and the party members, the meetings were considered boring, and the speakers were thought to be badly prepared to present their papers, and often did not have the slightest notion what was discussed. The analysis of the minutes shows the picture of a totalitarian country, units of which try to control all the possible areas of Poles' lives, trying to accomplish the process of sovietization of Poland.
EN
Personnel policy was one of the main forms and methods of exercising authority by the communist party during the times of the Polish People’s Republic. The article discusses the rights and duties of the workers of the Polish United Workers' Party as a consequence of the new regulations concerning the mentioned matter, which appeared after the crisis of the communist party in the years 1980–1981. There has been made an observation that any job position in the communist party involved numerous privileges concerning wages and living conditions and above all, the real authority of the state was not exercised by the officers of state but by the workers of the Polish United Workers' Party.
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"Granica przyjazni". Olsztyn-Kaliningrad 1956-1989

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EN
Between 1956 and 1989, the Polish city of Olsztyn had a special bond with the capital city of the Kaliningrad Oblast. The authorities of this trans-border region established direct cooperation without the involvement of their central governments. The fate, form and significance of this cooperation effort were largely decided by regional branches of Polish and Soviet political parties. Initially, local cooperation consisted mostly of official visits by the representatives of both parties who attended national holidays and anniversary celebrations. Several years later, cooperation was extended to state and regional institutions, industrial plants, schools, universities and community associations. The exchange campaign was expanded to include smaller towns. Several towns in the Olsztyn voivodeship established partnerships with towns in the Kalinigrad Olbast. The exchange scheme included official visits as well as professional visits that were dedicated to specific issues and involved experts from various fields, including farmers, scientists, teachers and doctors. Very few areas of life were exempt from cooperation programs. Youth exchange schemes were particularly important. They involved regular meetings along the Polish-Soviet border held in the form of festivals and political events. Trade contacts were a separate aspect of the cooperation scheme. They were based on barter exchange and had no precedent in the history of both countries.
EN
The life of Wladyslaw Zdunek was full of radical changes. He fought with the communists in the Polish-Soviet War in 1920. A few years later he became a union activist in the Communist Party. During the whole period until the outbreak of second world war in various ways to support institutions that sympathized with the Communists. He was stopped many times by the Polish police, also he sat for it in prison. Although became an important person in the communist party in the Lublin province it is his character traits didn't let him the political career. He was quickly sidelined track. It caused more reasons for dissatisfaction. For the communist police became the enemy, which under surveillance and observed. His life is an example of that in the communist period did not really mattered education, but acquaintances in the elite party nomenclature. Although his life you can find many examples of typical careerism, however, character traits and attitudes instability did not allow him on achieving any successes
PL
Celem artykułu jest zaprezentowanie formułowanego przez władze partyjne Polskiej Rzeczypospolitej Ludowej dyskursu politycznego w okresie Sporu o Tysiąclecie Państwa Polskiego na łamach ważnego ówcześnie tytułu prasowego jakim było „Zwierciadło”. Pytania badawcze sformułowane w tekście odnosiły się do następujących kwestiach (1) Jakie specyficzne cechy posiadał profil prasowy periodyku? (2) Jakie specyficzne idiolekty językowe i słowa sztandarowe występowały w przekazie prasowym w trakcie uroczystości Tysiąclecia? (3) Jakie formy gatunkowe dominowały w formułowanym przekazie prasowym?
EN
The purpose of the article is to present the political discourse formulated by the party authorities of the Polish People's Republic during the Dispute over the Millennium of the Polish State in the then-important press title which was "The Mirror". Research questions formulated in the text referred to the following issues (1) What specific features did the press's magazine have? (2) What specific language idiolects and banner words were present in the press during the Millennium Celebration? (3) What genres dominated the formulated press release?
PL
Rejonowe ośrodki pracy partyjnej powołano do istnienia w styczniu 1982 r., co wiązało się z przegrupowaniem i uporządkowaniem zadań Polskiej Zjednoczonej Partii Robotniczej (PZPR), związanych z nową sytuacją społeczno-polityczną po wprowadzeniu stanu wojennego w Polsce. Artykuł prezentuje ten element rozbudowanej struktury biurokratycznej sprawującej dyktatorską władzę partii poprzez archiwalne opisanie jego dziejów ustrojowych oraz spuścizny dokumentacyjnej. Przykład laboratoryjny opisu stanowi Rejonowy Ośrodek Pracy Partyjnej (ROPP) w Radzyniu Podlaskim. Autor podejmuje zadanie określenia, czym był ten twór w organizacji partii komunistycznej w Polsce, charakterystyczny dla ostatniej dekady jej istnienia. ROPP nie wchodziły w skład wybieralnych organów statutowych PZPR, lecz stanowiły biurokratyczną strukturę doradczo-koordynacyjną wobec podstawowych szczebli partii komunistycznej. ROPP w Radzyniu Podlaskim był jednym z czterech utworzonych w województwie bialskopodlaskim, a obszar ich działania odpowiadał powiatom sprzed reformy administracyjnej z 1975 r. Swoim zasięgiem obejmował tereny komitetów gminnych PZPR w Czemiernikach, Drelowie, Kąkolewnicy, Komarówce Podlaskiej, Międzyrzecu Podlaskim, Ulanie, Wohyniu; Komitetu Miejskiego w Międzyrzecu Podlaskim oraz Komitetu Miejsko-Gminnego w Radzyniu Podlaskim. Materiały archiwalne ROPP w Radzyniu Podlaskim przejęto 2 IX 1992 r. wraz z dokumentacją wytworzoną przez Komitet Powiatowy, Gminny, Miejski i Miejsko-Gminny z lat 1950–1989. Dokumentacja miała postać rozsypu. W latach 2007–2008 rozpoznawano przynależność zespołową dokumentacji wchodzącej w skład tego zbioru, a w 2011 r. akta ROPP zostały opracowane w Archiwum Państwowym w Lublinie Oddział w Radzyniu Podlaskim.
EN
Local Party Labor Centers were created in January 1982, in connection with reorganization of assignments of the Polish United Workers’ Party in the new socio-political situation after the declaration of martial law in Poland. The article present this element of the complex bureaucratic structure, holding dictatorial authority in the party, by describing its political history and documentary legacy from the archival perspective. The laboratory example is the Local Party Labor Center in Radzyń Podlaski. The author set himself a task to describe what was the role of the Center in the Polish communist party – a formation so characteristic for the last decade of existence of the Party. The LPLCs were not elective statutory bodies of the PUWP, but they were a bureaucratic structure, that served an advisory and coordination function towards basic levels of the communist party. The LPLC in Radzyń Podlaski was one of four such formations created in the Bielsk Podlaski Voivodeship, and its area of action were counties from the period before the administrative reform in 1975. The scope of the Center were district committees of the PUWP situated in Czemierniki, Drelów, Kąkolewnica, Komarówka Podlaska, Międzyrzec Podlaski, Ulan, Wohyń; the Town Committee in Międzyrzec Podlaski and the Town-Distric Committee in Radzyń Podlaski. Archival materials of the LPLC in Radzyń Podlaski were transmitted on September 2, 1992 with documentation created by the County, the District, the Town and the Town-Disctrict Committee from 1950 to 1989. The materials were scattered. In 2007–2008 fonds of this documentation were recognized and in 2011 the materials of the LPLC were arranged and described in the State Archive in Lublin, Branch in Radzyń Podlaski.
EN
Stalinism in Poland were characterized by, among other things, taking place within the Polish United Workers' Party purification processes its ranks of "enemies". Especially with "reactionaries" type of ex-Home Army soldiers. One of them was Zygmunt Gnieciak (1925-1989). Born in Rozyn (Volyn), in 1943-1944 he served in the 27th Volyn Home Army Infantry Division. After its disarmed by the Soviets, was a soldier of WP / WOP (until 1946). Then he worked in power station in Słubice. At the news of settling his family repatriated for Hrubieszow came to the area and started his own family. Soon he took a job political instructor at the District Headquarters of the General Organization "Service to Poland" and then in the District Committee of the Communist Party in Hrubieszow (1949-1951). Factual material indicates that as his clerk, chief of human resources’ department and head of the propaganda department secretly led a double play. Was to use positions in the party to sabotage its various actions. After nearly two years, perhaps for fear of being discovered he revealed that he was once a member of the Home Army. At the same time concealing his role he played in KP Polish United Workers' Party in Hrubieszow. In an atmosphere of dismay that the party apparatus employed in the former “bandit”, district leadership the Communist Party removed him from his post. But he did not suffer serious consequences beyond throwing their jobs and driven out of Hrubieszow. Not escaped prison in 1953. Was sentenced to a year in prison for lack of managerial supervision of the company buying fruits and vegetables in Chelm, which was then the director. Since the mid 50s to mid 80s. of XXth century he worked in mills and factories fruit and vegetable industry in the counties of Chelm and Hrubieszow.
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