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EN
Social policy in the Protectorate of Bohemia and Moravia, from mid-March 1939 to early May 1945, is a key topic in contemporary research on the history of this brief period. The article is concerned with the possible approaches to research with regard to the latest trends in research on National Socialism. It begins with an outline of the historiography of social policy in the Protectorate, which is marked chiefl y by a predominant uniformity of argumentation, a lack of systematic approach to interpretation, and Czech and Czechoslovak historians’ limiting themselves to the ethnically Czech population. Research conducted so far has completely failed to put social policy into the context of social history. The author thus fi rst provides an outline of the social framework, which represents the concept of a Volksgemeinschaft (national/ethnic/racial community), in which ideas about the purpose and function of social policy were formed and implemented.
Human Affairs
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2007
|
vol. 17
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issue 2
168-181
EN
The paper outlines an approach to social analysis/human geography taking off from a social ontology of practice. This means a focus of attention to embodied or practical knowledges and their formation in people's everyday lives, to the world of experiences and emotions, and to the infinitude of encounters through which we make the world and are made by it in turn. The paper proceeds in three parts. First, considering the way in which subjectivity and identity are created in and through practices sets the ground. The two following sections are extensions from that discussing "embodiment and spatiality" and "affectivity and emotion" respectively. The purpose is threefold; to develop the sensuous character of practice, to consider the spatialities involved in that character, and to discuss possible developments including power and the social differentiation of bodies. The paper is concluded by a short discussion of the geographies following from the suggested account.
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K problému teorie a praxe v pedagogice

61%
EN
The paper builds on the criticism of students in teacher education programmes who call for greater emphasis on practice. The relationship between theory and practice is ancient issue, but it still holds currency today. Key terms are defined and its philosophical background is explained. Different approaches to the relationship between theory and practice are introduced that were formulated in the history of pedagogy; special emphasis is laid on the perspective of the theory of education. Based on the review of these different approaches, the connection of theory and practice in teacher education is discussed. Towards the end, a modern conception of teacher education is proposed.
EN
This theoretical paper follows the publication of the Czech translation of the book by F. A. J. Korthagen et al. Linking practice and theory: The pedagogy of realistic teacher education. The paper consists of two parts. In the first part, the key (leading) ideas of Korthagen’s approach are introduced; the text is descriptive without the ambition to provide a critical analysis. Such analysis is the topic of the second part of the text. The authors revisit some of the ideas of Korthagen’s approach, analyse them and discuss them in a wider context of some newer approaches. They focus on three problem areas: (1) The nature of the relationship between practice and theory – underestimating Theory with capital T? (2) The importance of reflection in teachers’ professional development – deemphasising content? (3) Supporting professional learning – a limited view on supervision? Towards the end of the paper, the authors discuss how the presented ideas could inspire the practice of teacher education in the Czech Republic.
EN
This treatise mentions the relationship between theory and practice in ancient and modern times and points to the present fetishization of practice. It also refers to the change of philosophising and draws attention to the arrival of sciencetechnology, which has taken over the present society. The question of the relationship between theory and practice is discussed from a number of viewpoints; the diff erences in emphases placed on the value of theory and practice are highlighted. The problem of practice schools (i.e. schools used for teacher training) is mentioned, as well as the problem of microteaching, observations, teacher students´ own performances and selected aspects of the relationship to extra-curricular activities that a teacher should be able to make use of.
PL
Wyższe szkoły ekonomiczne kształcą tysiące absolwentów, nie dając im gwarancji zatrudnienia, co powoduje, że z każdym rokiem wzrasta wśród nich bezrobocie. Ta sytuacja zmusza do refleksji i zaproponowania zmian w modelu kształcenia. Jednym z wielu działań przeciwdziałającym narastającemu kryzysowi zatrudnienia może być specjalizacja, która umożliwi przyszłym studentom wybór uczelni przygotowującej ich do wejścia na rynek pracy: ‒ w przedsiębiorstwach, które zatrudniają pracowników do wykonywania powtarzalnych prac biurowo-administracyjnych, czyli rzemieślników precyzyjnie wykonujących przez lata identyczne czynności, ‒ w firmach poszukujących kreatywnych pracowników, mających nowe oryginalne pomysły na zmiany, ponieważ w dobie kryzysu niekonwencjonalne koncepcje mogą okazać się jedynym ratunkiem przed ich likwidacją, ‒ w małych firmach – na własny rachunek. Uczelnie ekonomiczne, realizując taką formę studiowania, musiałyby szybko reagować na zmiany koniunktury w gospodarce, a w wielu przypadkach przypominać inkubatory przedsiębiorczości pomnażające zasoby kapitału intelektualnego i społecznego każdego ze studentów.
EN
Economic colleges educate thousands of graduates without giving them job security. It increases unemployment among them each year. This situation makes us to reflect and to propose changes in the model of education. One of the many ways counteracting the growing crisis of employment, may be specialization of universities. It would allow students to choose the next school preparing them to enter the labor market: ‒ in businesses that employ workers to perform repetitive office and administrative work, the artisans engaged in the same steps over the years; ‒ in companies seeking creative staff, with new original ideas for change, because in times of crisis unconventional ideas can be the only salvation from the liquidation; ‒ in small businesses – the self-employed. Business schools implementing this form of study would have to react quickly to changes in the economy, and in many cases, to resemble incubators multipliers intellectual capital resources and social development of each student.
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