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EN
The essay is dedicated to the educational foundation of Nicolaus Walter of Waltersperk († 1578), which was established at the Prague Utraquist university as a response to his testament from 1577. The first part of the study, which is based on an analysis of extant official sources, concerns on personal aspects of the founder and circumstances leading to establishment of the foundation. The second part concentrates on the scholarship holders (eighteen persons registered by their names for the period of 1600–1614). Their geographical, linguistic-ethnic and confessional composition as well as their subsequent careers were analysed.
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Traktát Stanislava ze Znojma „De vero et falso“

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EN
Stanislav of Znojmo (died 1414), a professor of the Prague Theological Faculty, first a teacher and friend to Jan Hus, but then his decided opponent, wrote a comprehensive treatise, probably around 1403, entitled De vero et falso. The subject of my article is an analysis of the content of this work. In it, Stanislav deals with the question of the truth of a proposition and the problem of its truth-maker. The question of the truth-maker falls into the area of metaphysics, and so the author speaks of metaphysi­cal truth. In so far as metaphysical truth is concerned, Stanislav of Znojmo defends a decidedly realist standpoint, judging that categorematic expressions are not alone in having real counterparts in the world, but syncategorematic expressions (for example, statement conjunctions, words expressing negations and so on) also have such counterparts. Stanislav’s treatise, in its overall orientation, belongs to propositionalism, a trend in logical thought widespread at the end of the Middle Ages. Although the author of the treatise De vero et falso does not cite contemporary authors, he shows a knowledge of some exponents of propositional logic (namely Gregory of Rimini, for example). His main inspiration, however, is undoubtedly the work of John Wyclif.
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K autorství Komentáře na Apokalypsu doktora Heřmana

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EN
Comparison of one of the commentaries on the Apocalypse which originated at the Prague University and is contained in the manuscript Osek Cist. 37 of the Prague National Library, ff . 1–129, coming from Osek, dating from 1402 and used to this day by experts, with a copy of the same work in the manuscript I Q 16 of the University Library in Wroclaw, created 1378, has excluded the hitherto assumed authorship of Heřman Švab of Mindelheim, as well as the authorship of Heřman of Prague, assumed, not beyond doubt, by Fr. Stegmüller. Temporal relationship and the data of the colophones of both of these preserved manuscripts lead to the conclusion that the author of this Commentary is an other „Doctor Heřman“, Heřman of Winterswick, a member of the Prague university who composed the Commentary sometime in the late seventies of the 14th century.
EN
A study dealing with notes from the aesthetics lectures given at Prague University’s Faculty of Arts in the academic year 1811/1812, taken by Peter Eduard Bolzano (1793–1818), the prematurely deceased brother of Bernard Bolzano. The study identifies as the lecturer František Xaver Němeček, a finding which singles the notes out as source material for an insight into the most comprehensive available version of the latter’s theory of aesthetics. The contents of the individual lectures are then summed up and complemented by a list of aestheticians, artists and art works referred to in the notes. All of this is then set in a broader context of the given historical period, with a view to prospective detailed research into Němeček’s contribution to aesthetics. The study demonstrates that Němeček’s approach to aesthetics was still by and large cosmopolitan and universalistic rather than nationally oriented.
CS
Studie pojednává o zápisu z přednášek z estetiky držených na filozofické fakultě pražské univerzity ve studijním roce 1811/1812, který pořídil Peter Eduard Bolzano (1793–1818), předčasně zesnulý bratr Bernarda Bolzana. Studie identifikuje jako přednášejícího Františka Xavera Němečka, čímž ze zápisu učiní pramen skýtající nejucelenější verzi jeho estetické teorie. Následně shrne obsah přednášek včetně přehledu zachycených estetiků, umělců a uměleckých děl, aby je nakonec vsadila do dobového kontextu se záměrem vytvořit vhodné východisko pro pozdější detailní zkoumání Němečkovy estetiky po jednotlivých pojmech. Studie ukazuje, že Němečkova estetika byla ještě kosmopolitně univerzalistická, nikoli nacionální.
EN
For the first time ever, this study presents Anton Müller´s drama theory, which made up a principal part of his lectures in the academic year of 1830/31. It outlines the core of Müller´s theory by bringing together standpoints that are dispersed throughout the lecture series, as recorded in the handwritten notes taken down by Karl Holzinger. This approach aim to establish a suitable foundation for launching a comprehensive and systematic examination of Müller´s aesthetics, facilitating a deeper understanding of his position in pre-1848 Bohemian culture.
CS
Studie představuje poprvé teorii dramatu Antona Müllera, která tvoří stěžejní část jeho přednášek z estetiky držených na pražské univerzitě ve studijním roce 1830/31. Jádro Müllerovy teorie nastíní scelením stanovisek rozptýlených na různých místech přednáškového cyklu, jak ho zachytil rukopisný zápis pořízený Karlem Holzingerem. Cílem zvoleného postupu je vytvořit vhodné východisko k zahájení všestranného a důkladného zkoumání Müllerovy estetiky, umožňující hlubší porozumění jeho postavení v české kultuře doby předbřeznové.
EN
Jan Hus is especially well-known as a preacher and theologian whose activities anticipated the European protestant reformation and the hussite movement. It should not be forgotten, however, that Hus worked for many years as a teacher at the Faculty of Liberal Arts. He was therefore also a philosopher reflecting on contemporary subjects, among which was the reception of the philosophical thought of John Wyclif at Prague University, and the discussion of the reality of universals connected with it. The study maps Hus’s realist conception of universals on the basis of an analysis of the dispersed fragments of his pronouncements on universals from his quaestiones and from his Sentences commentary. The author divides this mapping into four different contexts: (1) God’s nature and the Trinity of Persons; (2) the ideas in God’s mind; (3) being as an analogical quasi-universal; and (4) the very conception of universals, that is of genera and species. In these different thematical areas, the study shows that Hus’s realism played an important role in his philosophico-theological thought of constituting its philosophical grounding. It could be said that although Hus’s realistic attitudes were influenced to a great extent by the thought of John Wyclif, Hus rejected or softened Wyclif’s hete­rodox opinions and the demands stemming from realism. Hus’s metaphysical standpoint, in the writings in question, also do not show a direct connection with his thoughts on church reform.
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