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Derogation of Competition Rules for Undertakings Entrusted with the Operation of Services of General Economic Interest and the Principle of Proportionality

100%

Kociubiński J.

Studia Prawnicze

2011

issue 2 (188)

159-176

The model of regulatory framework for Services of General Economic Interest (SGEI) is a pivotal point in a Europe-wide political and legal debate of liberalisation versus welfare interests. The principle of proportionality is well-established is acquis communautaire. It requires each measure taken by the EU legislator to be based on a fair assessment and balancing of interests, as well as on a reasonable choice of means. Article 106 (2) TFEU allows the Member States to exclude certain services from the scope of the Treaty Rules. It could be perceived as a shield for public service against demands of highly competitive, liberalised market. On the other hand all decisions of Member States excluding public service provides from competition rules are subject of review for their compliance with the general principles. So the key question is whether a measure is necessary to achieve legitimate goals of general interest or whether it goes further than that. In the field of Article 106 (2) TFEU the European Court of Justice developed extensive and inconsistent case law. From very restrictive approach allowing only these measures which have been indispensible to achieve SGEI goals to a more flexible interpretation in more recent cases. This paper provides an overview of an interplay between the principle of proportionality and the policy-based measures to create preferential conditions for SGEI operators.

Principle of proportionality of regulation in cooperative savings & credit union sector

75%

Golec M. M.

Studia Ekonomiczne

2017

vol. 325

70-80

The reform of cooperative savings & credit union sector which introduced new organizational and regulatory solutions has been facing severe criticism due to the significant increase in the sector’s regulation, especially with respect to the smallest credit unions. The purpose of the following paper is to assess the implementation of the Principle of Proportionality of Regulation in the sector of Polish credit unions and to do research into the perception of regulation changes in the sector among the employees of selected cooperative savings & credit unions in the Wielkopolska province. In the majority of implemented changes, the Principle of Proportionality has not been taken into account. It is only the Polish Financial Supervision Authority which considers in its recommendations the necessity to differentiate the obligations imposed with respect to the particular cooperative savings & credit union’s scope of activity. The employees of the institutions in question have assessed the reform of the sector negatively, however, their opinion on proportionality is equivocal.

Reforma sektora spółdzielczych kas oszczędnościowo-kredytowych wprowadzająca nowe rozwiązania organizacyjne i regulacyjne jest poddawana krytyce ze względu na znaczny wzrost skali uregulowania tego sektora, szczególnie w odniesieniu do najmniejszych kas. Celem opracowania stała się ocena stosowania zasady proporcjonalności regulacji w sektorze polskich unii kredytowych, a także zbadanie postrzegania zmian regulacyjnych w sektorze kas wśród pracowników wybranych kas w Wielkopolsce. W większości wprowadzanych zmian regulacyjnych nie uwzględniono zasady proporcjonalności, jedynie w rekomendacjach KNF zauważa się różnicowanie obowiązków, biorąc pod uwagę skalę działalności kasy. Kadra kas negatywnie ocenia reformy sektora, zaś ich opinia dotycząca proporcjonalności nie jest jednoznaczna.

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1 Studia Ekonomiczne

1 Studia Prawnicze

1 Golec M. M.

1 Kociubiński J.

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Derogation of Competition Rules for Undertakings Entrusted with the Operation of Services of General Economic Interest and the Principle of Proportionality

Principle of proportionality of regulation in cooperative savings & credit union sector