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Latent Class Analysis of Criminal Social Identity in a Prison Sample

100%
Boduszek D., O’Shea C., Dhingra K., Hyland P.
Polish Psychological Bulletin
|
2014
|
vol. 45
|
issue 2
192-199
EN
This study aimed to examine the number of latent classes of criminal social identity that exist among male recidivistic prisoners. Latent class analysis was used to identify homogeneous groups of criminal social identity. Multinomial logistic regression was used to interpret the nature of the latent classes, or groups, by estimating the associationsto number of police arrests, recidivism, and violent offending while controlling for current age. The best fitting latent class model was a five-class solution: ‘High criminal social identity’ (17%), ‘High Centrality, Moderate Affect, Low Ties’ (21.7%), ‘Low Centrality, Moderate Affect, High Ties’ (13.3%),‘Low Cognitive, High Affect, Low Ties’ (24.6%), and ‘Low criminal social identity’ (23.4%). Each of the latent classes was predicted by differing external variables. Criminal social identity is best explained by five homogenous classes that display qualitative and quantitative differences.
2

The Treatment of Prisoners of War in the Middle Ages: Western European Examples

100%
Niewiński A.
Roczniki Humanistyczne
|
2019
|
vol. 67
|
issue 2: Historia - Selected Papers in English
7-41
EN
The Polish version of the article was published in Roczniki Humanistyczne 64 (2014), issue 2. The present article indicates some examples of the circumstances and ways of taking prisoners of war into captivity during military conflicts, the different possibilities of treating them and some measures to release them. The article includes, among others, fixed gestures and signs that were used to manifest the intention of giving oneself into the hands of one’s opponent and the ways of treating other prisoners of war. The examples cited herein, related to the captivity of kings, illustrate how different were the ways of treating prisoners of war, even of the same rank. Moreover, they show that some aspects of a politico-economic nature were superior to those indicated by the chivalric code. At the same time, the Crusades and close encounters with the Islamic world contributed to the considerable growth of sensibility to the fate of prisoners of war, which was expressed by the institutionalised (at least partially) procedure of giving freedom.
3

Traktowanie jeńców w średniowieczu. Przykłady zachodnioeuropejskie

75%
Niewiński A.
Roczniki Humanistyczne
|
2016
|
vol. 64
|
issue 2: Historia
25-58
PL
Niniejszy artykuł wskazuje przykłady okoliczności i sposoby dostawania się do niewoli w trakcie konfliktów zbrojnych, różnorodnych możliwości traktowania jeńców oraz zabiegi służące przywracaniu im wolności. Omówiono w nim m.in. ustalone gesty i znaki, które stosowano dla zamanifestowania zamiaru oddania się w ręce przeciwnika oraz sposoby postępowania z jeńcami. Przytoczone tu przykłady przebywających w niewoli królów ilustrują, jak różne były sposoby traktowania jeńców, nawet tej samej rangi. Ukazują ponadto, że względy natury ekonomiczno-politycznej brały zazwyczaj górę nad tymi dyktowanymi przez etos rycerski. Jednocześnie krucjaty i bliższe zetknięcie ze światem islamskim przyczyniły się do znacznego wzrostu wrażliwości na losy jeńców, co znalazło swój wyraz w zinstytucjonalizowaniu (przynajmniej częściowym) procedury ich uwolnienia.
EN
The present article indicates some examples of circumstances and ways of taking prisoners of war into captivity during military conflicts, different possibilities of treatment of prisoners of war and some measures to give them back freedom. The present article includes, among others, fixed gestures and signs that were used to manifest the intention of giving them into the hands of the opponent and the way of treating other prisoners of war. The examples cited herein, related to the captivity of kings, illustrate how different were the ways of treatment of prisoners of war, even of the same rank. Moreover, they depict that some aspects of politico-economical nature were superior to those indicated by the chivalric code. At the same, the crusade and close encounter with the Islamic world contributed to the considerable growth of sensibility to the fate of prisoners of war, which was expressed by the institutionalised (at least the partial one) of the procedure of giving freedom.
4

The Role Of Open And Distance Higher Education In Detainees In Greek Detention Facilities

63%
Linardatou C., Manousou E.
European Journal of Open, Distance and E-Learning
|
2015
|
vol. 18
|
issue 1
1-14
EN
The purpose of this article is to present the results of the qualitative research conducted in Detention Facilities in Greece in connection with the preparation of the thesis (Linardatou, 2012). This is a case study of two prisoners attending Open Universities. The study concerned the characteristics and peculiarities of Open and Distance Education to Greek prisoners in detention facilities and the role of the Hellenic Open University (HOU) in higher education. The use of research tools such as telephone interviews and interviews with the use of a written questionnaire revealed the following information: In detention centres in Greece in 2012 there are two detainees-students studying together. HOU provides educational opportunities to prisoners but in its educational policy there is no strategy for the prisoners’ distance education. The article concludes with suggestions for improving the HOU policy towards socially excluded people such as prisoners.
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