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Metodychni osoblyvosti otsinky ekonomichnoho zbytku vid vplyvu zaliznychnoho transportu

100%
Rybina O. I.
Mekhanizm Rehuluvannya Economiky
|
2012
|
vol. 3 (57)
143-149
EN
The article considers the influence of railway transport on the environment. The ways to reduce ecodestructive load of transport on the environment are presented. Necessity of the transition the railway transport to electric power is grounded. A procedure for calculating the economic damage from the impact of rail transport on the environment is suggested. The necessity of adding the new parameter is specified to take into account the locomotives moving regime at different capacities, which affects the mass of emissions.
2

COMPETITION LIMITS IN RAILWAY TRANSPORT

75%
Tomeš Z.
Ekonomický časopis (Journal of Economics)
|
2011
|
vol. 59
|
issue 2
194 – 203
EN
The aim of the paper is to assess advantages and disadvantages of the policy of the railway separation (unbundling) of infrastructure and services. The policy of vertical unbundling is an attempt to introduce competition into the provision of railway services. The vertical unbundling strategy in railways has been strongly advocated by the European Commission as a possibility to increase competition and efficiency in this sector. The strategy has been applied since the beginning of 1990’s in many European countries with varied energy, depth and timing. An evaluation of vertical unbundling strategy reveals both positive and negative aspects. On the positive side there are clear indications that introduction of reforms has improved efficiency. But it is evident that power of competition has significant limits in railways due to numerous specifics of this unique industry. If the unbundling policy has more advantages than disadvantages is subject to debate but there are strong indications that there are also other possible ways of combating inefficiencies in the railway sector.
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