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1

TYRTAIOS A SOCIÁLNO-POLITICKÁ FUNKCIA RECIPROCITY

100%
Porubjak M.
Filozofia (Philosophy)
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2012
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vol. 67
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issue 1
35 – 46
EN
The paper tries to show the parallels between altruism and reciprocity as conceived in contemporary debate and the role of reciprocity in social and political life in ancient Greece at the turn of the 6th century B. C. A detailed analysis of Tyrtaeus’ poems as well as a close view on social, political and military systems and strategies serves to unveil the motivations for an altruistic behaviour the discrimination of so called “free riders”. Several key forms of the reciprocity in Tyrtaeus are discussed, the “furious valour” being of the highest value, and enabling to prize the “fairness” of the agents of the indirect reciprocal behaviour. Thus the social cohesion could be achieved not only through charitable altruism (as suggested by Titmuss), but also through many forms of indirect reciprocity found in Tyrtaeus.
2

RECIPROCITA V SLOVENČINE A OPTIMALIZÁCIA JEJ LEXIKOGRAFICKÉHO SPRACOVANIA

100%
Ivanová M.
Slovenská reč (Slovak Language)
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2020
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vol. 85
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issue 2
143 – 161
EN
The study deals with the question when does the reflexive marker sa, si accompanying a verb present the clitic form of the pronoun and when it can be described as the reflexive morpheme used to derive verb with reciprocal semantics. Considering the results of a semantic test (reciprocity as the typical implication of the verb semantics) and syntactic test (the possibility to use the verb in the subject discontinuous construction), we came to the conclusion which verbs can be considered as derived reciprocals and thus should be processed in the dictionary and in which cases the reflexive marker is used to coin the reciprocal construction of non-reflexive verb with the reciprocity as possible, yet not typical implication.
3

KONŠTRUOVANIE EGOCENTRIZMU: PRAGMATIKA – GRAMATIKA – KOGNÍCIA

100%
Kesselová J.
Slovenská reč (Slovak Language)
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2016
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vol. 81
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issue 5-6
304 – 324
EN
The study contributes to knowledge on how a man’s ego develops in an early age. The construal of egocentric perspective is observed in expressions of self-reference (the pronoun I is expressed explicitly). The method of longitudinal case study is used. Since Slovak language is pro-drop language (personal pronouns can be omitted) the research is set in pragmatic and social context. We examine the pragmatic function of utterances with the pronoun I and their dynamics. While at first the child refers to herself in third-person, at the end of toddlerhood the child can use the pronoun I even when talking about others. This indicates comprehension of reciprocity of perspectives (I versus you).
4
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Teoria wymiany w kontekście współdziałania i pomocy wzajemnej

86%
Baniowska-Kopacz E.
Analecta Archaeologica Ressoviensia
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2011
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vol. 6
271-316
EN
This paper discusses the issues of cooperation and mutual assistance with regard to the theory of exchange as proposed by Marcel Mauss, Bronislaw Malinowski and Claude Lévi-Strauss. In this approach, exchange is a universal phenomenon of social life. Principles of reciprocity (do, ut des) and balance of services are viewed in the context of everyday life. The analysis presented is based on qualitative ethnographic research carried out in the Silesian Beskid at the turn of the 20th and 21st centuries. The present-day role of the analysed forms of social activity, the rules governing their implementation, and the social consequences of their changes over time are discussed.
5

“PANRELACIONIZMUS” AKO ONTOLOGICKÝ ZÁKLAD ETIKY ALTRUIZMU A RECIPROCITY

86%
Višňovský E.
Filozofia (Philosophy)
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2012
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vol. 67
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issue 1
26 – 34
EN
The paper provides an account of the pragmatist philosophical conception of „panrelationism“ as the basis of the ethical theories of altruism and reciprocity. The author maintains that ethics is deeply rooted in ontology (metaphysics). The Deweyan concept of the transaction is outlined as well. The author attempts to show that altruism is not necessarily only reciprocal. It demands as its supplement (at least) altruism without reciprocation.
6
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TRUST AND TRUSTWORTHINESS AS A BEHAVIOURAL SOCIAL NORM

86%
Gazda V., Lejkova Z., Kubak M., Vyrost T.
Sociológia (Sociology)
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2011
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vol. 43
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issue 3
242-265
EN
The authors present the results of a trust investment game performed with university students in Slovakia. They discuss the social norms of the participants of their experiment, notably the notions of trust and reciprocity. By analysing the one-shot version of the game, as well as the case of a repeated game with unspecified number of repetitions, the authors also show a dependence on outcome of the prior rounds (hence the learning effect) and provide a possible explanation for the choice of behaviour strategies observed in their sample.
7
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FROM ANALYSIS TO ANTHOLOGY (LUDWIG BAUER’S CONTRIBUTION TO CROATIAN - SLOVAK LITERARY RECIPROCITY)

86%
Dujić L.
World Literature Studies
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2013
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vol. 5 (22)
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issue 4
27 - 40
EN
The Croatian novelist Ludwig Bauer is also the editor and translator of Black Violin (2009), the first Croatian anthology of Slovak poetry. Though these two activities may appear incongruent, Bauer’s engagement with Slovak literature evolved over several stages – beginning with his analyses of Croatian - Slovak literary relationships in magazines published between World War I and World War II, followed by his introduction of particular Slovak authors to Croatian audiences by translating and interpreting their work in the 1960s and 1970s, and culminating in his work on the anthology Black Violin as a summary of Bauer’s interest in Slovak literature – as was confirmed by the Hviezdoslav Award (2010). In summary, though the temporal continuity of his work may have been interrupted by unfavourable social conditions, we can conclude that Bauer as a total translator has been successful in communicating to the Croatian public an aesthetically relevant and authentic vision of Slovak literature and culture.
8

REKONCEPTUALIZÁCIA ALTRUIZMU V BIOMEDICÍNSKOM DARCOVSTVE

86%
Sýkora P.
Filozofia (Philosophy)
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2012
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vol. 67
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issue 1
1 – 14
EN
The author’s suggestion is to abandon Titmussian paradigm of biomedical donor ship based on pure altruism and to replace it by a new ethical approach based on the reciprocity/solidarity principle. First, the relationship between altruism and reciprocity is examined. Secondly, the achievements of behavioural sciences and the theory of evolution are used in the analysis of the reciprocal altruism which is apparently the motive power of the evolution of human cooperation. Finally, the possibility of using this new conceptual framework for the objectives of biomedical donor ship is examined as well.
9

SOCIÁLNE A PSYCHOLOGICKÉ ASPEKTY KOOPERÁCIE V AGRÁRNYCH SPOLOČENSTVÁCH VO VOJVODINE (SRBSKO)

72%
Hulín M.
Slovenský národopis (Slovak Ethnology)
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2015
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vol. 63
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issue 1
25 – 40
EN
The study focuses on issues of cooperation and reciprocity in the theoretical context, designated as mutualist approach. This approach is confronted with altruistic models of cooperation. The study is based on author ś long-term field research of cooperation during field works by farmers in Serbia. On the basis of the description of the origin, the process and the end of costly forms of cooperation, he sought to describe the social and psychological factors that are important for stable cooperation. In this context, emphasis is placed on the evolved sense for fairness and sensitivity to moral reputation and its evaluative and communication aspects which disseminate and stabilise the social norms of cooperation. Also attention is paid to conflicts of interest that motivated farmers to misuse cooperation, and to an analysis of the ways of resolving potential disputes. The results of the study show the sensitivity of peasants to the proportionality of their contribution and the benefits obtained from cooperation, including expectations regarding proportionality between their rights and obligations. When these expectations were not met, their cooperation ended. Due to the threat of open conflicts, they preferred less costly, symbolic sanctions or their institutional coverage. The key to stable cooperation seems to be the sticking to mutual benefits and mutual respect for farmers’ interests. Moreover, the mutualistic approach can also be used to describe many cases of altruistic help, which, however, does not exclude sincere willingness and an effort to help without claiming any reward.
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