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GENDER, RELIGION, POLITICS - ABOUT MY ANTHROPOLOGY

100%
Koscianska A.
Lud
|
2004
|
vol. 88
203-218
EN
In the first part of the article the authoress presents the theoretical context of her research - the development of the anthropological reflection on cultural gender. In the second part she discusses the method and preliminary results. Research was conducted among members of two woman-led millenaristic religious movements - Brahma Kumaris and the Legion of Small Knights. The process of conversion/involvement in the movement is perceived as reconstruction of the gender identity. At the same time, it can be analysed as a form of non-verbal cultural criticism. Consequently, studies into cultural gender and religion are part of the general trend of anthropological studies into resistance.
2

KONŠTRUOVANIE TRADÍCIÍ NA PRÍKLADE UČENIA NOVOPOHANSKÉHO HNUTIA

100%
Turiničová Z.
Etnologické rozpravy (Ethnological Disputes)
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2014
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vol. 21
|
issue 1
162 – 178
EN
Neo-pagan movements began to form in Slovakia in mainly late 90s of the 20th century. The main cause of new religious movements in our country has been releasing political situation after the ground-breaking 1989. This disruption and the transition to a free democratic society marked influx of new ideas and directions. One of the main elements of a democratic society is freedom of religion. Researched community brings together people who are interested in the restoration of pre-Christian traditions and material and spiritual elements of this period. We classify this community into groups which, although based on historical facts of Slavic culture, but are also supplemented by other particularly modern elements and elements of other cultures. Researched community is trying to protect the natural values and their distribution in modern conditions. This text addresses the transmission, interpretation and application of ideas leading person in the community and integrating it into everyday life members. It focuses on concrete manifestation of inventing of traditions.
3
Content available remote

'ALLAH FORGIVES, THE SPIRITS OF THE ANCESTORS NEVER FORGIVE'. MUSLIM RELIGIOUS GROUPS IN KAZAKHSTAN

100%
Jessa P.
Lud
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2006
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vol. 90
53-68
EN
A few dozen years after Marxist-Leninist atheism in the form of 'political religion', Islam has got a new place in the social space, considered to be an element of the 'national heritage'. Completely new phenomena and processes observed in a Muslim community, help make a claim about a new stage of islamization in Kazakhstan. The process of re-islamization assumes different forms, expressed, e.g. by the activity of the groups led by charismatic leaders, as in the case of the religious movement called 'Ak Jol' (White Road). Ak Jol is a sort of hierarchical 'corporation' where all the members perform specific functions (that of shaman, clairvoyant, blessing giver). The integrative role of the group is very important - while systematically organizing the 'shiraq' ritual (the people who gather are healed and blessed by ancestors' spirits) and pilgrimages to the holy places, it acquires new members and strengthens the ties between the permanent members of the group who identify themselves as Ak Jolists, which emphasizes the supraethnic character of the group. The charismatic leaders of Ak Jol stress the Muslim character of the group, which, however, is open to the representatives of other religions (mainly Christians) and nationalities other than Kazakh. The ritual practice (including healing) reflects the process of synthesis between the Islamic tradition and non-Islamic tradition of the region.
4

THE IMPACT OF CHRISTIAN RELIGIOUS MOVEMENTS ON THE FOLK ART AND CULTURE OF ESTONIANS AND ESTONIAN SWEDES (Kristlike usuliikumiste moju eestlaste ja eestirootslaste rahvakunstile ja kultuurile)

88%
Plaat J.
Mäetagused
|
2009
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vol. 42
7-32
EN
In the 18th-19th century, several Protestant religious movements spread in Estonia. These movements were partly active within the so far predominant Lutheran Church, though mostly outside it, and were sometimes followed by members of the Orthodox Church. The most influential of the movements were the Brethren movement and that of 'Heaven-goers', and also the religious movements of awakening which spread mostly in the final quarter of the 19th century in western Estonia and which led to the establishment of the first Free Congregations in Estonia (Baptists, Irvingites, Free Believers' congregations, Methodists). These religious movements have often contested several phenomena of folk culture of Estonians and Estonian Swedes, among these the phenomena of folk religion and folk art that some members of the movement have regarded as 'pagan' or sinful. As a result, fancier clothes, jewellery and musical instruments were destroyed in the heyday and the core areas of the movement (mostly in West Estonia); also, certain folk songs and dances of the agrarian community were abandoned and the narrative tradition underwent significant changes. The conflict with folk religion (with elements of prehistoric and Catholic beliefs) led to the destruction of prehistoric sacred sites and a dramatic change in the worldview of a part of the local peasantry. The 18th- to 19th-century Brethren movement was particularly successful in these activities. A characteristic feature of the Brethren congregation, the 'Heaven-goers', and other religious movements in the late 19th century was certain asceticism and requirement of high morals. The impact of these religious movements on folk culture, however, was limited only to the faithful and did not affect the entire village community. A more dramatic change in the beliefs and lifestyle of the people took place on the West-Estonian islands of Saaremaa and Hiiumaa, in Laane County in West Estonia and, most noticeably, in the parish inhabited by Estonian Swedes. Even so, the sometimes hostile attitudes of the mentioned religious movements towards folk culture give no reason to underrate their significance and positive influence for the Estonian and Estonian-Swedish agrarian population of the time.
5

BETWEEN THE COVID-19 PANDEMIC AND SAVING THE WORLD: PRACTICES AND NARRATIVES BY THE FALUN DAFA COMMUNITY IN BULGARIA

75%
Manova A.
Slovenský národopis (Slovak Ethnology)
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2022
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vol. 70
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issue 3
369 – 391
EN
This paper presents a research case study that explores in depth the question of the function of conspiracy theories and their uses among a religious community during a Global Pandemic. Falun Dafa is a new religious movement that emerged in China and was banned by the Chinese Communist Party. Growing into a global community, it has nowadays followers in many countries, including Bulgaria. The movement’s complex doctrine includes visions of the impending destruction of humanity. Today, they serve as a well-prepared coping mechanism to deal with the crisis, having set their apocalyptic expectations long before the advent of COVID-19. Based on years of observation of the community in Bulgaria, I explore how the conspiracy narratives, underlying this movement, help to reassure and restore psychological balance among followers and how the conspiratorial attitudes get stabilized in such situation of Global Crisis.
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