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Psychological Studies
|
2006
|
vol. 44
|
issue 2
5-19
EN
The study aimed at evaluating of verbal fluency in right hemisphere-damaged patients. Forty-six vascular right hemisphere-damaged (RHD) and 30 control subjects were submitted to a verbal fluency task for which criteria were either phonemic or semantic. The strategies that the participants used spontaneously in order to maximize word production, namely clustering (CL) and switching (SW) techniques, were evaluated. Results showed (a) that RHD subjects do show a significant reduction of verbal fluency as compared to controls, (b) that this reduction is more prominent for the phonetic criterion, and (c) that verbal fluency impairment in the RHD subjects is predominantly a consequence of dysfunction to the frontal cortex and subcortical nuclei (i.e. striatum and thalamus). Both CL and SW strategies were related to total word production on both tasks. These results tend to agree with a general theory on a right-hemisphere contribution to lexical processing, and more specifically, to its phonological aspects, as well as to executive component of verbal fluency.
EN
In recent times the social dimension of patients with acquired brain dysfunctions functioning has become an important area of interest for neuroscientists and clinical neuropsychologists. Empirical analyses using different methods reveal the role of the right hemisphere in many processes responsible for interpersonal behavior. The study was designed to assess the state of social cognition and its hypothetical compounds with observable social behavior. A group of patients with ischemic right hemisphere dysfunction and comparison groups took part in it. The results point to disturbances of various forms of social cognition in patients with right hemisphere damage, and also confirmed the presence of significant correlations between social cognition and behavior. The possibilities for applying the results were also discussed.
EN
The aim of the present study was to characterize the relationship between left hemispatial neglect (LHN), post-stroke depression, and recognition of emotional facial expression. The Facial Affect Recognition Test by Ekman & Friesen (1976) was administered to 30 RHS patients and 31 demographically matched normal controls. Statistical analyzes revealed that all RHS patients were impaired on the Facial Affect Recognition Test. Additionally, a significant negative correlation between the severity of LHN and the total number of correctly identified emotional faces emerged. Interestingly, the severity of LHN did not correlate with the time needed to complete the Facial Affect Recognition Test, whereas the severity of depression did. However, no significant relationship was found between the severity of depression and the number of correctly identified emotional faces. Moreover, regardless of depression, lack of LHN was associated with significantly better RHS patients' performance on the Facial Affect Recognition Test. These results are consistent with previous studies demonstrating impaired recognition of facial expression among RHS patients. Our study also suggests that there is a unique relationship between LHN, depression, and recognition of facial expression.
EN
The purpose of the study was to investigate the association between cerebral blood flow (CBF) and empathy in patients suffering from ischemic brain injury. Empathy is an essence of human relationships. It inspires people to meet experiences and needs of others. Its emotional and cognitive components subserve a broad range of adaptive social behaviors. 21 right hemispheric - ischemic stroke - patients were examined by the use of two psychological methods: Questionnaire Measure Emotional Empathy and Interpersonal Reactivity Index. Single photon emission computed tomography (SPECT) has been applied to determine the correlates of lesion location and some aspects of emotional and cognitive empathy.Hemispheric asymmetry indexes were also calculated and correlated with empathy scores. Significant negative correlation were found between cerebral blood flow in left basal ganglia and Fantasy Scale, left parietal lobe and Personal Distress, while significant positive correlation was seen between cerebral blood flow in right parietal lobe and Appreciation of the Feelings of Unfamiliar and Distant Others.
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