Search results

1

FULFILLING RUSSELL’S WISH: A.N. PRIOR AND THE RESURGENCE OF PHILOSOPHICAL THEOLOGY

100%

Jakobsen D.

Organon F. medzinárodný časopis pre analytickú filozofiu

|

2023

|

vol. 30

|

issue 1

32 – 52

EN

Wolterstorff (2009) provides an important explanation to the question: What caused the surprising resurgence of philosophical theology that has occurred over the last 50 years—a resurgence that rivals its zenith in the Middle Ages? Recent discoveries in Arthur Norman Prior’s correspondence with J.J.C Smart and Mary Prior, between November 1953 and August 1954 on the possibility of necessary existence, demonstrates the importance of Prior’s discussion of the Barcan formulae in Time and Modality (1957) for the resurgence of analytic theology. The correspondence establishes that Prior’s discovery of tense-logic, and his discussion of quantified tense-logic constituted the perfect opportunity for him to challenge key anti-metaphysical assumptions in analytic philosophy, from which four important consequences can be drawn for the resurgence of philosophical theology. First, Prior’s discussion of time and existence challenged the idea of Russell (1945) and Findlay (1948) on the logical status of a necessary existing being. Second, the discussion challenged the Analytic school’s view of analysis and gave Prior the opportunity to introduce a different perspective on the relationship between logic and metaphysics. Third, it gave Prior a good opportunity to demonstrate that the then-prevailing attitude towards medieval logic was wrong. Fourth, it made it possible for Prior to demonstrate that the highly surprising metaphysical conclusions of quantified tense-logic brings modern logicians into a discussion with the theologically minded medieval logicians.

2

KANT A FUNKCIONÁLNÍ TEORIE PREDIKACE

86%

Šebela K.

Organon F. medzinárodný časopis pre analytickú filozofiu

|

2013

|

vol. 20

|

issue suppl. 1

166 – 177

EN

This paper focuses on the roots of a functional theory of predication, which is represented primary by Frege and Russell. After a brief presentation of the theory of Frege, the author concentrates on the philosophical motivation of this theory. The example of the influence of F. H. Bradley on Russell’s conception of the categorical judgements shows a common epistemological position of both authors, which he recognizes also in Frege. The point of the article is to find common grounds in Kant noetics, especially in his conception of synthetic judgement. Replacement of the problematic Kant’s notion of transcendental schema by the functional application subsequently allowed flourishing of the theory. In conclusion, the author outlines potential problems associated with the challenge of philosophical assumptions on which this theory is based.

3

Główne typy metafizyki analitycznej

51%

Szubka T.

Filo-Sofija

|

2011

|

vol. 11

|

issue 4(15)

849-864

EN

In a widespread general view about analytic philosophy it is often emphasized the supposed animosity or mistrust of that movement towards metaphysics. That opinion is in many respects one-sided and incorrect. First, one cannot find that animosity towards metaphysics in the works of G.E. Moore and B. Russell, the founders of modern analytic philosophy. Of course, they criticized the speculative, Hegelian metaphysics of their idealistic predecessors, but they did it in order to defend metaphysics of a different kind, more careful, empirical, and realist one. Moreover, even if it is to some extent true that over a few decades analytic philosophy was dominated by the attitude of mistrust towards more theoretical and comprehensive metaphysical investigations, it should be stressed that that attitude has almost completely disappeared in the last fifty years. Metaphysics has again regained the status of central and vigorously pursued philosophical discipline. One of the main originators of that metaphysical turn in contemporary analytic philosophy was Sir P.F. Strawson, the Oxford philosopher, who in 1959 forcefully articulated the idea of descriptive metaphysics. A somewhat similar way of doing metaphysics was later developed in the writings of D. Davidson, M. Dummett, and – in certain respects – H. Putnam. One may say that all those thinkers have attempted to identify the basic structure of reality by describing and elucidating the basic structural features of our thought and talk. Since in such a method of doing metaphysics one can discern some characteristic marks of Kantian transcendental arguments, there is a point to call it analytic-transcendental metaphysics. In a completely different way metaphysics has been pursued by those analytic thinkers who are under heavy influence of the conception of philosophy put forward by W.V. Quine. For Quine philosophy, including metaphysics, is continuous with science, and, to be more precise, constitutes the theoretical end of science. Among many followers of that kind of metaphysics, that may be called analytic-naturalistic one, there are D.M. Armstrong and D. Lewis. The paper presents those two varieties of analytic metaphysics, and succinctly discusses their main difficulties. Subsequently, it mentions those examples of contemporary analytic metaphysics that, for one reason or another, do not belong to either of those two varieties. The paper ends with a brief appendix discussing the most recent revival of metaphysics within the analytic movement and a critical response toit from the deflationary point of view.

Refine search results

2 Organon F. medzinárodný časopis pre analytickú filozofiu

1 Filo-Sofija

1 Jakobsen D.

1 Szubka T.

1 Šebela K.

1 2023

1 2013

1 2011

FULFILLING RUSSELL’S WISH: A.N. PRIOR AND THE RESURGENCE OF PHILOSOPHICAL THEOLOGY

KANT A FUNKCIONÁLNÍ TEORIE PREDIKACE

Główne typy metafizyki analitycznej