The article describes three early medieval vessels found on Ostrów Radzimski (Murowana Goślina municipality, Poznań county, Wielkopolskie voivodeship), including an early medieval vessel which depicts human figures, which is unique in Poland [Kostrzewski 1948]. The artefacts were moulded from pottery clay mixed with sand; then they were wholly thrown on a potter’s wheel. At the bottoms of two pots an identical pottery mark was identified. The pots are of similar size; there are horizontal engraved grooves, which become more frequent towards the top parts of the vessels. The presence of two horizontal, parallel slats, cut diagonally, is a characteristic feature. It imitates the crinkle-cut ornament. On the basis of the observed technical and technological characteristics, as well as the morphological and stylistic characteristics, it can be assumed that the vessels were made by the same potter on the same potter’s wheel [see Kowalczyk 2017c: 166]. The artefacts, despite numerous similarities, slightly differ in terms of their dimensions. This results from the manufacturing technique — moulding, and then throwing on a potter’s wheel. When the rich adornment on the vessels is taken into account, one can see the differences which stem from the potter’s unconventional treatment of the surface of the pottery. When considering the technical and technological characteristics as well as morphological and stylistic characteristics, the described vessels should be dated to the end of the 10th–11th century [see Kostrzewski 1948], maybe the D2 stage according to Wojciech Dzieduszycki [1982: 111], that is, from the 10/11th century till the fi rst half of the 11th century. They were probably used by the inhabitants of the Early Piast castle town on Ostrów Radzimski. The vessels were probably made under the influence of West Pomeranian impacts.
A previously unknown document, which contains an indulgence privilege for the parish church of St. Nicolas and St. Barbara in Radzim (signature Dok. Perg. 7410), can be found in the repertory of the Central Archives of Historical Records in Warsaw. On the basis of the external and internal features of the diploma it has been concluded that it was issued on 20 March 1499 in Cracow, at the time of the sejm. The Primate of Poland, the Archbishop of Gniezno and the Bishop of Cracow Cardinal Frederick Jagiellon, the archbishop of Lviv Andrzej Róża from Boryszewice, Krzesław Kurozwęcki the Kujawski bishop, the bishop of Poznań Jan Lubrański, the bishop of Oradea Mare (Gran Varadino, Nagyvárad) Domokos Kálmáncsehi, the bishop of Chełm Maciej from Stara Łomża, the bishop of Warmia Łukasz Watzenrode and the titular bishop of Aenus and the Poznań suffragan Wojciech from Bydgoszcz were the issuers of the document. The document was issued on the request of the then provost in Radzim, the Canon of Poznań Jan from Góra. It guaranteed in total 140 days of indulgence for the believers who visited the temples on certain days and who said Our Father and Hail Mary prayers for the unity and peace of the Catholic Church and peace of the Kingdom of Poland. An indulgence could also be obtained after donating to the parish the books, grails and church equipment on those dates. Indulgences assigned to the church, despite their attractiveness, did not function long in the awareness of the local community and in the 17th century the anniversary of dedication was the only indulgence day which was celebrated. The document was later sent to the archive of the Radzivills in Nieśwież, and then further in the 20th century to the Central Archives of Historical Records in Warsaw.
JavaScript is turned off in your web browser. Turn it on to take full advantage of this site, then refresh the page.