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Palimpsest w przekształceniach opactwa cysterskiego w Rudach po II wojnie światowej

100%

Dąbkowska M.

Architectus

2016

issue 1(45)

19-30

Artykuł ma na celu naświetlenie przekształceń, jakich dokonano w opactwie cysterskim w Rudach Raciborskich po II wojnie światowej. Ten bogaty i rozległy zespół architektoniczny, ukształtowany w ciągu kilku epok artystycznych, po sekularyzacji zamieniono na pałac książęcy. Na skutek zniszczeń w czasie wojny utracona została część zabytkowej materii, tj. m.in. średniowieczne sklepienia, nowożytne tynki, sztukaterie, detale i elementy architektoniczne. Jednocześnie spod barokowego tynku odsłoniły się świetnie zachowane średniowieczne polichromie. Prace konserwatorskie wówczas przeprowadzone miały charakter purystycznej odbudowy bez szacunku dla zabytkowej materii. Bez względu na stan zachowania usunięto wszystkie średniowieczne malowidła, patynę ścian, barokowe stiuki, które mogły pozostać w formie tzw. świadków. Kreując architektoniczny palimpsest, pozbawiono obiekt znacznej części jego historii, albowiem straty poniesione nie są możliwe do odrobienia.

The article is aimed at describing the transformations of the Cistercian abbey in Rudy Raciborskie after World War II. This architectural complex, established after the secularization was converted into a ducal palace. During the World War II medieval vaults, stucco works, details and elements of architecture were destroyed. However, due to that fact, medieval polychromes were revealed. All the conservation works conducted at that time were of purifying character and resulted in the destruction of all medieval paintings, patina on the walls as well as Baroque stucco works, which could have been left in the form of the so called “testimony”. This architectural palimpsest deprived the building of a part of its history and the losses are impossible to recover.

Nieznana pieczęć opata rudzkiego Piotra Sebickiego z 1602 r.

70%

Wójcik M. L.

Hereditas Monasteriorium

2013

vol. 2

169-178

The seals from the Cistercian monastery in Rudy have already been a subject for sphragistic consideration several times. However, the abbot of Rudy in the years 1595-1608, Piotr Sebicki’s (von Saebisch) stamp, which legalized a document from 1602 stored in the National Archive in Racibórz, has not been taken into account yet. The presented text is a contribution which complements the catalogue of seals owned by the superiors of the monastery in Rudy during the time of its existence (about 1254-1810). The seal, in an oval shape with a width of about 22 mm and height of about 25 mm, represents a heraldic type. The seal field presents an Iberian shield, party per cross, and decorated with a delicate volute fringe. It is crowned with an infula with scrolls formed in the shape of mantling, which flows down on both sides. On the left side (heraldically) of the infula there is a crook of a crosier slanting and protruding behind the shield, with a letter “R” centrally inscribed on it and on the right side – majuscules “PA”. They form a monogram of the owner of the seal: “Petrus Abbas R[a]udensis”. What is displayed on the shield is the Upper Silesian eagle (without a band on the chest and wings) wearing a duke’s coronet on its head, as well as the letters “MO” (dexter chief) and “RS” (sinister base, now blurred), which form a motto characteristic for Cistercians – “MORS” („Morimondus”). As regards iconography, the seal does not differ from the sigilla used by the abbots of other orders at that time. However, as opposed to many of the seals, it is devoid of the personal symbolism and refers only to a slightly modified monastic heraldry. The emblem relates to the classical coat of arms of the monastery in Rudy, but it does not expose a Morimond cross, which was replaced by a simple division of a shield into a cross. The eagle of the Silesian Piasts was placed on the whole surface of the shield and not in the inescutcheon. Therefore, they can be treated as a contribution of the owner to the heraldisation process of this sign of the abbey in Rudy, which lasted at least from the middle of the 16th to the middle of the 17th century.

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Palimpsest w przekształceniach opactwa cysterskiego w Rudach po II wojnie światowej

Nieznana pieczęć opata rudzkiego Piotra Sebickiego z 1602 r.