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Polskie Wesele AD 1968 z Szarym Człowiekiem w tle. Performowanie historii w „Usłyszcie mój krzyk”

100%

Sikora S.

Kwartalnik Filmowy

2017

issue 100 O świętowaniu

68-80

Tematem artykułu jest film Macieja Drygasa „Usłyszcie mój krzyk” (1991) – słynny dokument opowiadający o podpaleniu się Ryszarda Siwca, które miało miejsce 8 września 1968 r. na Stadionie Dziesięciolecia w Warszawie. Sikora stwierdza, że w swym filmie Drygas zderzył ze sobą przede wszystkim dwa performanse, które wydarzyły się w jednym miejscu i w jednym czasie i które pozostały względem siebie w szczególny sposób nieprzezroczyste – akt samospalenia Siwca i odbywające się na stadionie dożynki państwowe. Autor kreśli rozmaite konteksty tych wydarzeń (m.in. odniesienie do „Wesela” Andrzeja Wajdy /1972/), a przede wszystkim osadza swoje rozważania w obszarze badań performatywności. Analiza tych zagadnień prowadzi go do konstatacji, że film i kino jako formy rytuału mogą odczyniać historię, ale także pozwalają zobaczyć ją czasem na nowo w innym i pełniejszym świetle.

The subject of the article is the film by Maciej Drygas “Hear My Cry” (1991) – a famous documentary about the self-immolation of Ryszard Siwiec, which took place on September 8, 1968 at the Decade Stadium (Stadion Dziesięciolecia) in Warsaw. Sikora states that Drygas collided two performances that happened in one place and at one time and that remained opaque to each other in a special way – the act of self-immolation by Siwiec and the state harvest festival taking place at the stadium. The author sketches various contexts of these events (including references to Andrzej Wajda’s “The Wedding” /1972/ ), and above all, he sets his reflections in the field of performativity research. The analysis of these issues leads him to the conclusion that film and cinema as a form of ritual can break the spell cast on history, but also allow it to be seen again and again in a different and fuller light.

An Ordinary Man, a National Hero, a Polish Palach? Some Thoughts on the Memorialization of Ryszard Siwiec in the Czech-Polish Context

88%

Stach S.

Acta Poloniae Historica

2016

vol. 113

On 8 September 1968, Ryszard Siwiec set fi re to himself during a harvest festival in the 10th Anniversary Stadium in Warsaw. Through his self-immolation, he sought to protest against Communist rule in general and the Warsaw Pact invasion of Czechoslovakia in particular. However, his death did not gain wider attention. Further protests ‘by fi re’ took place in the subsequent months and years in East Central Europe. Among them was the self-immolation by the Czech student Jan Palach in Prague. In contrast to Siwiec, this young man was immediately recognized as a martyr in Czechoslovakia as well as on the other side of the Iron Curtain. It was only after 1989 that Ryszard Siwiec’s story became increasingly well-known. Today, his act still remains in the shadow of Palach’s, however. This article deals with the marginal position of Siwiec in the Polish national pantheon. By reflecting on the various constraints on creating martyrs in state and post-socialism, it focuses on one particular aspect of Polish and Czech – or rather Polish-Czech – memory politics. As for the ‘Polish Palach’ Ryszard Siwiec, the paper demonstrates that Czechs have played a crucial role in popularizing him.

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Polskie Wesele AD 1968 z Szarym Człowiekiem w tle. Performowanie historii w „Usłyszcie mój krzyk”

An Ordinary Man, a National Hero, a Polish Palach? Some Thoughts on the Memorialization of Ryszard Siwiec in the Czech-Polish Context