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EFFECTS OF IRREGULARITIES IN SMALL ORDERS WITHIN STRUCTURAL FUNDS (Skutki nieprawidlowosci w 'malych' zamowieniach w ramach funduszy strukturalnych)

100%
Piwowarczyk A.
Kontrola Państwowa
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2012
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vol. 57
|
issue 2(343)
109-116
EN
The Act on Public Procurement is not applied for orders and competitions whose value does not exceed an equivalent of the amount of 14,000 Euros in the Polish zlotys, referred to as small orders. The lack of clear regulations in the national law does not mean that the ordering party is exempt from the obligation to obey the provisions of the Treaty on the Functioning of the European Union. The author discusses the norms and rules for granting small orders, taking account of the requirements that beneficiaries of Structural Funds must meet. She also presents potential sanctions for irregularities. The article is aimed at showing that they can result in a financial correction, also in the case of orders that are not included in the Act on Public Procurement.
2

EFFECT OF SANCTIONS ON EU-RUSSIA TRADE: THE STUDY FOR 2015 – 2019

88%
Drapkin I., Sidorov K., Mariev O.
Ekonomický časopis (Journal of Economics)
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2022
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vol. 70
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issue 9-10
743 – 767
EN
We analyse the influence of sanctions on bilateral trade flows between the European Union and the Russian Federation during 2015 – 2019. Despite trade sanctions and counter-sanctions being imposed against particular groups of commodities, their influence affected trade flows between Russia and the EU in all sectors. The proposed methodology of estimating the effect of sanctions on EU-Russia trade is based on the idea of calculating trade potentials and comparing them with actual values. The augmented gravity approach is used to construct an econometric model, while the Poisson pseudo maximum likelihood method is applied to derive unbiased estimates. It is shown that during 2015 – 2019, due to EU sanctions Russia lost USD 41.3 billion in export revenues annually, comprising 2.5 percent of its GDP. Russian exports to Europe declined in all basic industries, but the petroleum industry took 91.2 percent of the total losses. European aggregate exports to Russia have not suffered from mutual sanctions: although the European food industry lost USD 2.7 billion annually, these losses were compensated for by export growth in other industries.
3

ÚČASŤ ZAMESTNANCA NA ŠTRAJKU AKO PREKÁŽKA V PRÁCI

88%
Švec M., Žuľová J., Madleňák A.
Právny obzor. Teoretický časopis pre otázky štátu a práva (Juridical Review. Theoretical journal for the questions of state and law)
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2018
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vol. 101
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issue 2
181 – 192
EN
The scientific contribution deals with the most relevant practical question related to the excuse an employee´s absence from work due to his or her participation in a strike under the Collective Bargaining Act, respectively Constitutions of the Slovak Republic. We interpret the conditions that an employee participating in the strike should or have to fulfil with regard to the notification of obstacle to work on his/her part, and also the employer’s possibilities to determine whether and from which moment the employee actually has an objective reason to realize obstacle to work under Section 141 (8) of Labour Code, if there is none, what form of labour sanctions can be used in such a case. Secondary part of the contribution is also the clarification of the term “strike participant” as the basic parameter for assessing this obstacle to work on the part of the employee.
4

AKÝ JE SÚČASNÝ RATING SLOBODY A ZDRAVIA?

75%
Erdösová A.
Právny obzor. Teoretický časopis pre otázky štátu a práva (Juridical Review. Theoretical journal for the questions of state and law)
|
2014
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vol. 97
|
issue 1
44 – 63
EN
The following text intends to show on the various connotations of mandatory child vaccination. The author´s analysis is dedicated to the present legal sources in Slovak and neighboring Czech Republic, as well as to the background and character of the guarantees included in the European court of Human Rights judicature. Those can represent the significant impact on the anticipated Constitutional Court decision upon the lodged constitutional complaint. It also relates to the problem of sanctions for failing legal obligations to undergo the mandatory vaccination. This text strongly appeals and seeks for solution in the peremptory issue, especially in the view of the increased risk of anti vax spread of influence. Health protection boils essentially down to the personal liberty vs. the good of the entire society.
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