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Rola mechanizmów obrzydzenia w tworzeniu i organizacji narracji w wybranych fantastycznonaukowych grach komputerowych

100%
Kuchciński B.
Homo Ludens
|
2013
|
issue 1(5)
165-172
EN
According to psychologists Paul Rozin, Jonathan Haidt and Clark McCauley it is possible to outline a topology of disgust which proceeds from the very basic physiological response to a potential contagion towards a symbolic and evaluative sphere in which the disgusting is judged morally. Thus disgust ceases to be a mere means of protecting the body and becomes the means of protecting the self, which, in turn, makes it a powerful factor of positive and negative socialisation. The aim of the present article is to discuss the disgust elicitors in chosen science fiction computer games and thus to analyse how the logic of physical, emotional and moral disgust, one of the most basic psychological mechanisms, assumes the central, even if latent, role in organising the narrative and plot structures of these games.
2
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Przyszłość gier, przyszłość człowieka

88%
Szeja J. Z.
Homo Ludens
|
2012
|
issue 1(4)
229-241
EN
The paper consists of two parts. The first one presents research on trends, concerning the latest titles by famous producers which are representative of the cRPG subgenre and enjoy a superb reception among players. The second part of the article justifies searching for those works among texts of culture that may indicate the direction of the development of not only the games them-selves but also of the whole of contemporary civilisation. An example of such a work is Linia oporu (Line of Resistance) by Jacek Dukaj and this piece is the subject of the analysis.
3
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ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE IN SCIENCE FICTION AS A MODEL OF THE POST-HUMAN SITUATION OF MANKIND

88%
Kotásek M.
World Literature Studies
|
2015
|
vol. 7 (24)
|
issue 4
64 – 77
EN
The article focuses on the way in which science fiction genre and scientific texts alike model the ideas of Western culture concerning the functioning of the human mind (brain or intelligence), its knowability, and the probability of its successful simulation. The most problematic issue arising is that this kind of text rests both on the idea of absolute knowability of the human mind (thus stepping outside the “strange loop” defined by Douglas Hofstadter) and on the belief in the possibility of creating such an artificial live system that would reconstruct exactly this “loop”. The article sees the distinction between scientific and literary texts concerning artificial intelligence as problematic – the resulting “hybridity” is further employed and enhanced in connection with theories regarding “the post-human”. Building upon the theories of autopoietic (self-referential) systems, the article concludes with an outline of a “theory of hybrid reading”.
4
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LEAVING GAIA BEHIND: THE ETHICS OF SPACE MIGRATION IN CIXIN LIU’S AND NEAL STEPHENSON’S SCIENCE FICTION

88%
Kaminski J. D.
World Literature Studies
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2021
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vol. 13
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issue 2
3 - 18
EN
In Cixin Liu’s trilogy Remembrance of Earth’s Past (2008–2010) and Neal Stephenson’s Seveneves (2015), the surface of planet Earth becomes uninhabitable amid global states of emergency, and central governments devise radical plans to ensure the survival of the human species. In contrast to the Old Testament, where human emancipation from nature is punished, Chinese antiquity’s narratives of large-scale engineering projects are surprisingly compatible with the modern mindset which regards nature in utilitarian terms. Contemporary science fiction does not simply inherit this techno-optimistic stance, but fleshes out possible futures that are shaped by bio-political decisions. In Stephenson’s and Liu’s prose, the proposed escape plans only benefit small segments of the population. While such procedure is incompatible with human rights, which emphasize the value of the individual over the collective, contemporary pragmatic ethics interprets such behaviour as rational. Applied to more tangible scenarios, such as our increasingly depleted livelihoods on Earth, both texts document our somewhat diminished expectations regarding the future. In a world where eating human protein is “reasonable” and its rejection merely “respectable”, the preservation of humankind in space sets in motion a return to Hobbes’s “natural state of man”.
5

Концепція тіла у фантастичній прозі Олеся Бердника

88%
Olijnyk S.
Slavica Wratislaviensia
|
2011
|
vol. 153
605-611
EN
In the article the bodily form of human being described in science fiction novels of Oles’ Berdnyk is analysed. The author shows the main aspects of writer’s views on correlation of man and his body which were formed by neoromanticism, socialist realism and rethinking of positive philosophy made into science fiction. In the article writer’s opposition between a man and a machine is considered too. In spite of predominant understanding of machine’s significance and leading position in science fiction, in particular cyberpunk, Berdnyk shows us the denial of mechanized life and algorithmization of human nature. Also the evolution of human body into the beautiful monster described in Berdnyk’s works is shown. The human spirit is the main reason for such transformation. Sensual elements of the body do not come out of clear and marked manifestation because of appeal to reason in the writer’s texts. In addition, Berdnyk’s reduction of perception of the body is caused by keeping within the bounds of socialist realism.
6
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THE APOSTLES OF INTERGALACTIC RELIGIOCITY. MOTIF OF SPACE CONTACT IN NEW HOLLYWOOD CINEMA (Apostolowie miedzygwiezdnej religijnosci. Motyw kosmicznego konfliktu w kinie nowej przygody)

88%
Konefal S. J.
Studia Humanistyczne AGH
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2010
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vol. 9
85-96
EN
American science fiction cinema of the 1970s began To employ eclectically presented references to eclectic views on religious topics. Films directed by artists such as Steven Spielberg and George Lucas offered viewers the stories influenced by the Christian and Buddhist symbolism as well as selected theses of the New Age Movements. The authors wanted to create in their productions new religiousness patterns, derived from the writings of some leading figures of the counterculture, such as Herbert Marcuse, Charles Reich, and Theodore Roszak. For this purpose they processed some storylines from science fiction novels and mass culture. This strategy was continued in the 1980s and first half of the 1990s, however the productions from this period showed a radicalization of the educational-ideological context which was associated with the conservative policy of the USA during this period. The end of the 1990s and the first decade of the twenty-first century is a period of erosion the New Age optimism of science fiction cinema. The growing popularity of plots with catastrophic and dystopian visions of the future indicates that religious topic in contemporary cinema fulfills different functions.
7
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INTERACTION OF CANONS: CONFLICT OR SYMBIOSIS? REREADING AND RELATIVITY OF TRADITIONS IN DAVID GEMMELL Ś “TROY SERIES” AND DAN SIMMONS Ś “HYPERION CANTOS”

75%
Nagy P. H., Keserű J.
World Literature Studies
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2015
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vol. 7 (24)
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issue 3
87 – 99
EN
The starting point of the study is the conflict between classical and alternative canon. Some prominent texts of speculative fiction can notably stage this conflict by confronting us with the experience that mainstream literature and popular registers are inseparable. The reading of these texts can prove that the aesthetical canon is not equivalent to cultural elitism. In contemporary literature, some works of speculative fiction – works of science fiction and fantasy in particular – support this idea. The study – by reading David Gemmell ś “Troy Series” and Dan Simmons ś “Hyperion Cantos” – exemplifies the fact that the principle of innovation does not necessarily destruct the existing canon but integrates itself into the canon while rearranging it. The works of Gemmell and Simmons employ such poetical and rhetorical techniques that are able to modify the system of expectation created by the evoke genres and also lead us to reconsider the classical literary canon. They both indicate that an artificially created cultural hierarchy can be set in motion by rereading works of popular literature.
8
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Nowe i stare mapy piekła w literaturze fantasy i science fiction

75%
Trocha B.
Literatura i Kultura Popularna
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2010
|
vol. 16
53-69
EN
This article takes up an issue of Hell and its sources of attraction in popular literature. The article is divided into four parts. The first part is concerned with the Hell’s images which exist in various mythologies. The second part is dedicated to many examples of mythopoeic Hells in fantasy. The author is focused on Hell’s source, structure, form and its fictional schemata. What is more he characterizes the creatures who live in Spirit World. The maps of the hells in science fiction are another problem of this article. The author states that while the Hell in fantasy has mythic dimension, the Hell in science fiction is described as technological here and now. The last part considers unholy functions beyond the formal and content structure of the literary work. Moreover, the author attempts to consider these functions on anthropological horizon.
9
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HUMAN, SUPER-HUMAN, ANTI-HUMAN: THE POST-HUMAN DEEP FUTURE IN EVOLUTIONARY SCIENCE FICTION

75%
Pisarski M.
World Literature Studies
|
2021
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vol. 13
|
issue 1
3 - 17
EN
Post-humanist visions of the future do not venture further ahead than a few hundred or a few thousand years at most. It is within this near future that most scenarios of technological singularity and the enhancement of the human into an H+, or a post-human, are projected. This paper reflects on visions of much more distant futures found in evolutionary speculative fiction and science fiction, from J.B.S. Haldane (1927) through to Adrian Tchaikovsky (2019). From the vantage point of thousands (or millions) of years, the forthcoming era of mind uploading, designer babies, and technological immortality as envisioned in the transhumanist utopias of Hans Moravec amount to short episodes in a long cycle of evolutionary progress matched by planetary catastrophes. Such a perspective offers a more general reflection on the philosophical and cultural implications of a “creative evolution”, the nature of humanity, and humans’ place among other species. The transhumanism agenda, initiated by Julian Huxley in the form of a call to arms for the “betterment of humanity” by existing, emerging, and speculative technologies, does not emerge as a retrograde reinstatement of the compromised ideals of Enlightenment, but rather as the sine qua non for human survival in the face of the heat death of the Sun, the eruption of a super-volcano, and any other existential risk. Human ingenuity, reflected in advanced biotechnology, space travel and technological enhancements turns out to be the only guarantee of life on Earth and beyond it. As such, this comparative study of literary examples of possible courses of human history proves that reflections on the far future are capable of healing current discursive divides between post-humanist and transhumanist, anthropocentric and anti-anthropocentric, and technophobic and technophile approaches to our present.
10
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SCIENCE FICTION, ECOLOGY OF MIND AND THE UNCANNY IN “DO ANDROIDS DREAM OF ELECTRIC SHEEP?” BY PHILIP K. DICK

75%
Sevilla-Vallejo S.
World Literature Studies
|
2022
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vol. 14
|
issue 4
119 – 133
EN
This article analyses the interdiscursive relations between Philip K. Dick’s science fiction, the ecology of mind by Gregory Bateson, and the Freudian concept of the uncanny. Gregory Bateson differentiates primary and secondary anthropological processes or, in other words, unconscious and language, and Dick’s novel Do Androids Dream of Electric Sheep? reflect this inner interdiscursive relation. Finally, the Freudian concept of the uncanny demonstrates how androids produce an uneasy feeling due to their psychology, which seems very different from that of humans, but which is actually much more similar than expected.
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