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DUALITY IN THE USE OF MOODS. INDICATIVO AND CONGIUTIVO MOODS IN THE SAME LANGUAGE CONTEXTS (Il doppio nell uso dei modi. L'indicativo e il congiuntivo negli stressi contesti linguistici)

100%
Kwapisz-Osadnik K.
Linguistica Silesiana
|
2007
|
vol. 28
161-170
EN
The use of moods in Italian is a very interesting problem but also difficult taking into account the complexity of phenomena which must be analysed at the same time. It especially concerns contexts in which different moods can appear alternatively. The aim of the article is to examine contexts in which it is possible to use indicative and congiuntivo moods. The possibility of choice between moods would mean the duality of human nature which hesitates between affirmation and keeping a distance to that what makes the content of an utterance. Employing the research mechanism described by cognitive linguistics that is, among others, notions such as prototype, semantic invariant or scheme and the methodology which is based on relationships existing between recognition, semantics and grammar it seems that the choice of moods is the result stemming from information processing and based on man's cognitive abilities and his knowledge about the world. Indicative would reflect locutor's responsibility for the truth value of utterance content whereas congiuntivo would be a language sign of distance position towards that what he says.
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AMBISEMY AS A CATEGORY OF FUNCTIONAL SEMANTICS

75%
Kiklewicz A.
Biuletyn Polskiego Towarzystwa Językoznawczego
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2008
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vol. 64
63-76
EN
The article concentrates on the controversial questions of functional semantics, and namely the semantic distinctness of words in linguistic communication. The author distinguishes two levels of meaning variants: polysemy (semantic mutations) and diasemy (semantic modifications). Based on the example of possessive pronouns the author argues for the necessity of using the notion of semantic invariant in linguistics. The invariant category is realized in the language system as ambisemy, i. e. the reference to cognitive base of the linguistic subjects, which has nomothetic or empirical character during interpretation of compositional signs (especially formal indiscreet, semantically ambivalent). Two components are distinguished of the structure of meaning: endosemantic, which in case of the derived words is identical with their internal form, as well as exosemantic, which shows the sender's knowledge on the subject of standard relation between referents of word group components.
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