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  1. 2 Asian and African Studies

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  1. 2 Magdolen D.

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  1. 1 2009

  2. 1 2005

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1

THE DEVELOPMENT OF THE SIGN OF THE ANCIENT EGYPTIAN GODDESS SESHAT DOWN TO THE END OF THE OLD KINGDOM: ANALYSIS AND INTERPRETATION. PART TWO

100%
Magdolen D.
Asian and African Studies
|
2005
|
vol. 14
|
issue 2
196-227
EN
In general, the ancient Egyptian deities are distinguished by their names and symbols. In spite of the decipherment of hieroglyphs by J.-F. Champollion in the 1820s and the number of published studies, some of the hieroglyphs and symbols still remain an enigma. The sign of the goddess named Seshat can undoubtedly be included in this category. This paper based on the study of the preserved records presents an attempt to understand the meaning of the hieroglyphic sign and symbol of Seshat, the ancient Egyptian goddess of writing, reckoning and building. The study is divided into three parts. Part One, published Ibid. Vol. 14 (2005) Nr 2, pp.45-55, consists of the iconographic records coming approximately from the beginning of the 3rd millennium B.C. down to the end of the Old Kingdom in the 22nd century B.C. It contains the main information about the sign of Seshat known from the wall reliefs, such as provenance, date, and basic description of each sign etc. Part Two of the study published in this volume of the AAS journal includes the epigraphic records of the sign of Seshat from the same period and with the same characteristics as mentioned above. Part Three intended to be published next year in the first volume of this journal is going to be the final part of the study and will bring the analysis and interpretation of the sign of the goddess Seshat in the context of its development in the Old Kingdom Period.
2

A NEW INVESTIGATION OF THE SYMBOL OF ANCIENT EGYPTIAN GODDESS SESHAT

84%
Magdolen D.
Asian and African Studies
|
2009
|
vol. 18
|
issue 2
169-189
EN
This paper focuses on the symbol of the ancient Egyptian goddess, Seshat, and its reinterpretation. The problem is discussed from the perspective of the cognitive abilities of the ancient Egyptians to observe and understand some specific natural phenomena as early as the Pre-dynastic Period. This study reveals a remarkable similarity in the design, symmetry and characteristics of the symbol of Seshat to the shadows cast by the vertical gnomon, which are oriented to the specific directions on the horizon. In addition, the geometric picture achieved as a result of observation and multiple measurements, based on the application of a specific solar method in order to find the cardinal points, is presented here in context of the shape of the symbol of Seshat. The geometric forms of both are almost identical. It is argued that in the two-dimensional representation of the sign of Seshat can be seen in fact the gnomon (stem), the directions radiating from the centre (rosette) in which the shadows of gnomon can be oriented within a year at the latitude of Egypt, north of the Tropic of Cancer (hereinafter referred to as TC), and the curve (arc with two feathers or horns placed above the rosette) representing limits in which the shadows can move in connection with the apparent path of the sun in the sky during solstices or equinoxes.
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