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EN
The global financial crisis (2007-2008) has exposed weaknesses in the supervision of the banking system and the leveling is the main objective of the European Banking Union. In turn, the lack of sufficient effectiveness of the EU authorities in stimulating economic growth lay at the basis of European Capital Markets Union assuming stimulating investment through the capital market. Both projects concern the financial area, but the first one is dedicated only to the euro area with the option of the accession of other countries, and the second to all EU-28. A special role in this project will be served by the United Kingdom because of the most developed and largest equity market among all EU countries. Moreover the supporters of Capital Markets Union in the UK suggest even big benefits of this project, which is to be a counterweight to the views of the country’s leaving the EU. The timetable for their full implementation is quite remote, and the banking union in the range of two pillars is already being implemented, and the Capital Markets Union is at the end of the first half of 2015 at the development stage of the Action Plan setting out the detailed schedule of activities for the implementation of this project. The issue of the article is very important and timely, while pointing to the need for further research on banking union and Capital Markets Union.
EN
The aim of this paper is to investigate the link between regulations and size of country-level investment crowdfunding markets in Europe. The author discusses the outlook and potential drivers behind the size of investment crowdfunding markets across European countries, with deeper insight into a leading market of the United Kingdom. The conclusions are supported by a quantitative analysis. Key findings indicate that regulatory aspects of investment crowdfunding correlate, on average, stronger with market size than non-regulatory factors. Besides, the size of population matters for crowdfunding market volumes, and British regulatory framework for investment crowdfunding appears as an attractive role model to consider in Poland.
EN
The article is devoted to the project the Capital Markets Union (CMU) in the EU from the perspective of financing of the small medium enterprises. The EU Capital Markets Union is an important part of the Investment Plan for Europe of the Chairman Jean-Claude Juncker, and its goal is to effectively stimulate economic growth in the EU by increasing the availability of financing for businesses by the capital market and diversification sources of financing. European households are expected to be more active on the capital market by investing in financial instruments of this market. After the Brexit, there may be some difficulties in achieving the objectives since British capital market is the largest one in the EU. However, Brexit may also be a chance to keep the Union together and acceleration of the capital markets unification process. The author characterizes the problem of access to finance for enterprises from the SME sector in the EU. Then, he focuses on the financial markets and the structure and the effect of the Capital Markets Union in the EU. The article is based on a variety of sources, especially documents of the European Commission concerning the Capital Markets Union as well as literature on corporate finance and capital markets
PL
Regionalne Programy Operacyjne zapewniają wsparcie z funduszy UE dla różnych projektów realizowanych w poszczególnych województwach w Polsce. Artykuł przedstawia analizę kwot i rezultatów wsparcia z Regionalnego Programu Operacyjnego Województwa Zachodniopomorskiego 2014-2020 na działania środowiskowe MSP. Analiza obejmuje dane od 2014 r. do 31 lipca 2018 r. Opiera się dokumentach programowych i danych z Urzędu Marszałkowskiego Województwa Zachodniopomorskiego. Przeprowadzona analiza pokazuje, że udział wsparcia dla projektów środowiskowych MSP w całości dofinansowania z RPO WZ jest niewielki i wynosi 4%. Wykorzystanie środków na projekty dotyczące energii odnawialnej z działania 2.10 jest duże, ale w przypadku działań 2.9 i 2.12 jest nieznaczne. Niepokojąco na niskim poziomie jest realizacja wszystkich działań środowiskowych dotyczących MSP w ramach Regionalnego Programu Operacyjnego Województwa Zachodniopomorskiego 2014-2020. Słowa
EN
Regional operational programmes provide support granted from EU funds for different projects implemented in individual voivodeships in Poland. The aim of the article is to analyze the amount and the results of the support provided from the Regional Operational Programme for Zachodniopomorskie Voivodship 2014-2020 for environmental projects of SMEs. The analysis includes experience from 2014 to July 2018. It is based on regional programme documents and data from The Marshal's Office of the Zachodniopomorskie Voivodship. The analysis shows that the share of support for environmental projects of SMEs in total funding provided by ROP ZV (about 4%) is not significant. The level of support for renewable energy projects from Measure 2.10 is quite substantial but in Measures 2.9 and 2.12 is inadequate. Disturbingly at a low level is the implementation of all environmental activities related to SMEs through the Regional Operational Programme for Zachodniopomorskie Voivodship 2014-2020.
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