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CLINICAL SIGNIFICANCE OF MODERN NEUROETHOLOGICAL AND NEUROPSYCHOLOGICAL STUDIES OF SOCIAL ATTACHMENT

100%
Krukow P.
Psychologia-Etologia-Genetyka
|
2008
|
vol. 17
39-57
EN
At the beginning of presented material the author discusses the definition of attachment and describes the most important assumptions of John Bowlby's theory, second the animal models, next human research and clinical analysis of several forms of attachment disorders. The article is to show a modern knowledge about brain basis of attachment and indicates possibilities of clinical applications of few elements of neuropsychological knowledge about the process of forming a special social tie. Modern neuroscientific researches over social attachment are bringing many valuable news, that are useful to generate theoretical hypothesis about relations between impact of early social experiences and functioning of several brain parameters - especially in patients with some form of attachment disorders. There are also some conclusions about dependence relations between neuropsychological characterization and some sorts of psychopathology, like borderline personality disorder, affective disorders and anxiety.
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KRIMINALITA AKO MODALITA SOCIÁLNEHO KONANIA

88%
Lubelcová G.
Sociológia (Sociology)
|
2014
|
vol. 46
|
issue 2
167 – 193
EN
Knowledge on social causality of crime has become a key theoretical orientation in criminology. It is represented by an aetiological paradigm. Despite of long-time efforts of the criminological aetiological studies, criminology lacks coherent theoretical base to interpret social causal mechanisms. Over the last years we can identify some ways of knowledge integration, including increasing tendency to multilevel integration. The study presents and discusses some approaches to integration of sociological knowledge on social determination of crime acts. The contribution emphasizes model of social action as a base framework for explanation. However, classic sociological modes of interpretation of social action are reformulated in context of social and cultural changes of late modernity. We can observe a shift to significance of human agency. Social action is more motivated, more reflexive. Up to the author, the base for the conceptualisation of social determination of crime understands sociability and social responsibility in recent social conditions. Conceptual frame of sociability is considered to be a mechanism of social attachment of social actor. This mechanism has bi-directional dimensions: social inclusion (from the social actor to their social context) and social acceptation (from social context to the social actor).
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