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1

NÁSILIE A RACIONALITA V KONTEXTE EKOLOGICKEJ KRÍZY

100%
Lesňák S.
Filozofia (Philosophy)
|
2007
|
vol. 62
|
issue 4
317-323
EN
The paper points out to the paradoxical character of our contemporary life: while the comfort of our life is still growing, the conditions of life in general are getting still worse. In the author's view the ecological crisis we are facing now has two possible outcomes: the humankind will have to undergo a fundamental transformation, or there will be no change at all: the humankind will perish from this Planet. The first of two means a transformation of persisting anti-nature, so called 'pre-ecological' culture, which should become a pro-nature and pro-life (biophil) one, i.e. a culture of life. Therefore we have to re-estimate and transform our values, as well as our social behavior, so that they correspond the nature of humans as one of the biological species.
2

O naturze eksperymentowania w psychologii społecznej

100%
Doliński D.
Psychologia Społeczna
|
2008
|
vol. 3
|
issue 1(6)
87-91
EN
The paper attempts to discuss the way experiments are conducted in modern social psychology. It is argued that psychologists are more concentrated on methods than on theoretical ideas and hypotheses. Besides, current social psychology is focused on beliefs and judgments (e.g. stereotypes and attitudes) rather than on human behavioral reactions (e.g. altruism or aggression).
3

NATIVE PEOPLE OF NORTH AMERICA (THE SO CALLED INDIANS): HISTORICAL OVERVIEW, ETHNOPSYCHOLOGICAL OUTLINE (Az eszak-amerikai bennszulottek (un. indianok): tortenti attekintes, etnopszichologiai vazlat)

63%
Szegal B.
Magyar Pszichologiai Szemle (Hungarian Psychological Review)
|
2009
|
vol. 64
|
issue 1
85-109
EN
The first part presents, describes, analyzes, and interprets the main concepts related to the Indians. The importance of the conceptual clarifications is closely related to many misleading generalizations based upon biased data. A historical overview of North American people before Columbus' arrival, their ethnopsychological peculiarities are presented, followed by a description and analysis of the relationships between the indigenous people and Europeans. The majority of the first Americans had perished due to conflicts, wars, genocide, restrictions and discriminations imposed by the new inhabitants of the continent as well as by epidemics of infectious diseases. The latest decades have seen the beginning of Indian Renaissance. The second part of the paper describes the psychological peculiarities of Native Americans. An important issue is methodology of data collection, validity and reliability of the data. Discussions and comparisons of the data, stemming from various sources, serve as the basis for descriptions of Indian behaviour. The following categories of values, attitudes, and features had been identified: - cooperation, group harmony, modesty, limited rivalry; - moderation in behaviour, self-restraint, reservation, slow responses, patience; - attention, excellent observational abilities, perceptual peculiarities; - cautious behaviour, avoidance of eye contact, keeping social distance; - view of time as relative, orientation to the present; - preference of concrete rather than abstract concepts, pragmatism; - love of children, importance of the family, role of the relatives; - permissive rearing, peculiar discipline methods; - generosity, indifference to ownership and saving, limited role of private property; - respect for the elderly, veneration of age, harmonious age relations.
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