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K sociálním a ekonomickým funkcím jarních dětských obchůzek na Záhoří

100%
Drapala D.
Národopisná revue (Journal of Ethnology)
|
2009
|
vol. 19
|
issue 2
84-93
EN
The region of Zahori spreads out between the ethnographical areas of Wallachia and Hanna. The specific social and economic development in the course of the last two centuries enabled many events of the annual cycle of rituals to survive here. The spring rounds of girls and boys ranks among the most significant ones. On Passion Sunday, the round with the Reaper falls (the villages of Byskovice, Libosvary and Zakovice); the uninterrupted performance of rounds with a tree on Palm Sunday (Libosvary) is documented. The so-called 'rattling' is a typical spring round of groups of boys, taking place from Maundy Thursday to Holy Saturday (the rounds take place in almost every village of the region). In spite of the different genesis, we can identify many common features at the above ritual rounds. They play an important role in passing the social habits and experience among the choldren's group members of different age. The leader who crowns his share in activities of shool-age children with this function is a leading element for boys and girls. Because of the social changes in the course of the last two centuries, the content and form of the rounds have been modified and shifted; many ritual elements have slipped away - on the contrary, the social and entertainment function is dominating. The economic aspect - a share in given presents (money, sweets) - is an important motivation for children to participate in the rounds.
2

SOCIÁLNA FUNKCIA HISTORICKÉHO POZNANIA A VEDECKÉ PÍSANIE DEJÍN V 21. STOROČÍ

100%
Vörös L.
|
2016
|
vol. 64
|
issue 4
619 – 629
EN
In the 21st century historiography remains epistemologically diverse like no other discipline in the social sciences and humanities. Theoretically uninformed, often nationalist, and objectivist (reconstructionist) narrative historians coexist with constructionist and deconstructionist historians who work with social theories and conduct critical analyses within the same institutional frames of regional or national historiographies. In spite of decades of intense plausible criticism – at least in the countries of Central and Eastern Europe – the national/nationalist history writing based on rather naïve objectivist epistemology remains influential and forms an important, if not dominant, part of the respective national historiographies. The present paper suggests that there are several factors in the lasting reproduction and even thriving of the obsolete epistemological positions that traditional, narrative national/nationalist historiographies are based on. These might be categorized as cognitive, social, and institutional in their nature. The paper analyses particularly the social purpose of knowledge about the past and the social functions of institutionalized professional history writing. National histories play an important part in the politics of memory and identity; they provide a historical dimension to the ideal national community, they also serve as legitimizing or delegitimizing narratives – these functionalities require a strongly objectivist epistemology. In fact, the epistemological points of departure of the traditional narrative national/nationalist historians are very similar to the intuitive “pre-cognitive” theories of the past shared by most ordinary people. Both are based on the idea that the past can be narrated in a form of one true story. The paper comes to the conclusion that historiographies – at least in the Central and Eastern European countries – are formatively influenced by social determinants coming from outside the discipline to much larger extent that most of the historians are ready to admit.
3

SOCIAL FUNCTION OF HISTORICAL KNOWLEDGE AND SCHOLARLY HISTORY WRITING IN THE 21ST CENTURY

100%
Vörös L.
Historický časopis (Historical Journal)
|
2017
|
vol. 65
|
issue 5
785 – 797
EN
Historiography remains epistemologically diverse like no other discipline in the social sciences and humanities in the 21st century. Theoretically uninformed, often nationalist, and objectivist (reconstructionist) narrative historians coexist with constructionist and deconstructionist historians who work with social theories and conduct critical analyses within the same institutional frames of regional or national historiographies. In spite of decades of intense plausible criticism – at least in the countries of Central and Eastern Europe – the national/nationalist history writing based on rather naïve objectivist epistemology remains influential and forms an important, if not dominant, part of respective national historiographies. The present paper suggests that there are several factors of the lasting reproduction and even thriving of the obsolete epistemological positions that traditional, narrative national/nationalist historiographies are based on. These might be categorized as cognitive, social, and institutional in their nature. The paper analyses particularly the social purpose of the knowledge about the past and the social functions of institutionalized professional history writing. National histories play an important part in the politics of memory and identity; they provide a historical dimension to the ideal (imagined) national community, they also serve as legitimizing or delegitimizing narratives – these functionalities require a strongly objectivist (naïve) epistemology. In fact, the epistemological points of departure of the traditional narrative national/nationalist historians are very similar to the intuitive “pre-cognitive” theories of the past shared by most ordinary people. Both are based on the idea that the past can be narrated in the form of one true story. The paper comes to the conclusion that historiographies – at least in the Central and Eastern European countries – are formatively influenced by social determinants coming from outside the discipline to a much larger extent that most historians are ready to admit.
4
Content available remote

Kulturowy i turystyczny status Sylwestra

58%
Andrzej B.
Turystyka Kulturowa
|
2010
|
issue 10
21-28
EN
The article attempts to establish the cultural status of the New Year’s Eve, both as a total of traditional social practices and as a cultural tourism phenomenon. The author stresses its relation to the series of Carnival celebrations. They are connected mostly through a common category used to identify them – the rites of passage. Thanks to this category it is possible to grasp the social function of The New Year’s Eve omitting symbolic-cultural meanings of the traditional-folk activities underlying them.
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