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1

Internet and Social Inequalities

100%
Batorski D.
Studia Socjologiczne
|
2005
|
issue 2(177)
107-131
EN
The author discusses the impact of Internet on social inequalities. The basic question is whether access to Internet decreases social inequality and increases life opportunities for marginalized people or, to the contrary, whether it the source of further deepening and justification of existing social inequalities.Based on the data on Internet use in Poland, he claims that inequalities can be observed not only with regard to the very access to the Internet but also to the quality of access and the ability to take advantage of it. The author demonstrates various ways of using the Internet which may lead to the improvement of life opportunities and help avoid negative effects of excessive use of the Internet..
2

INTERGENERATIONAL INHERITANCE OF POVERTY: BAD NEWS FOR CHILDREN, CHALLENGES FOR POLICY

80%
Henley-Walters L.
Przegląd Socjologiczny
|
2007
|
vol. 56
|
issue 2
27-42
EN
International comparative studies prove that it is children who are at the highest risk of poverty, which results in the reproduction of poverty. Identifying the most crucial factors influencing children's poverty, the authorewss emphasizes the interdependence of social and genetic determinants impacting the opportunities of children growing up in families of low social status. In this perspective, transmission of poverty is even more multi-dimensional than seen from classical sociological standpoints. In the authoress' opinion, it is recommended not to disregard the biological factors, frequently determined by social environment.
3

Social capital and social inequalities

80%
Theiss M.
Problemy Polityki Społecznej. Studia i Dyskusje
|
2006
|
vol. 9
113-127
EN
The paper offers an insight into a quantitative part of authoress' empirical research on social capital in Poland. The presented research was conducted in two small Polish towns of similar population and living standard, however differing significantly in local tradition and immigration level after the Second World War. The first part of the article presents the toll used in survey, designed to measure and compare multidimensional asset of household's social capital. In the second part the correlations with independent variables (that is socio-economic status and respondent's education level) are discussed. The third part of the paper analyses the gains from social capital in the sphere of household incomes (in broad sense). The survey's main finding is the strong correlation between different types of social capital, as well as between good household's economic and educational situation and a high level of social capital. Combining these findings with qualitative study in two researched towns, worrying effects of social capital are to be seen. Both, productive asset and the correlated above mentioned independent variables of the social capital, tend to reinforce social inequalities in the researched towns. On the local community level the exclusive and inward-looking groups of 'social capital bourgeoisie' were observed. The authoress claims that changing this negative tendency is a challenge to local social policy in Poland.
4
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THE QUALITY OF LIFE, SOCIAL INEQUALITIES AND DIFFERENTIATION

80%
Laluha I., Oskova S., Stanek V.
Sociológia (Sociology)
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2005
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vol. 37
|
issue 1
119-142
EN
The globalisation processes in the world and the transition period have changed the Slovak society. Common expression of these processes is the change of quality of life in the society and its component parts. These processes have resulted in significant differences and social inequalities that are accepted controversially in a previously homogenous society. It is efficient to distinguish and to analyse quality of life at macro as well as at micro level. The quality of life has become the new challenge of our age in the changed conditions as a positive antipode of poverty. It has become a criterion of success of economic and social systems as well as creativity and social responsibility of every member of society. On the basis of social cohesion and participation, the interdependency of systems and individuals strengthens relations between the societal component parts and creates base for synergic effects useful to all.
5

SOCIO-ECONOMIC CONTEXT AS A RISK FACTOR FOR INTERGENERATIONAL INHERITANCE OF INEQUALITIES - (COMPARISONS AT NATIONAL LEVEL)

80%
Warzywoda-Kruszynska W.
Przegląd Socjologiczny
|
2007
|
vol. 56
|
issue 2
53-74
EN
Socio-economic condition of a society, associated with both inner and international economic, political and social processes, is a specific context of all social phenomena. While applying the comparative perspective, the authoress points at macro-scale processes determining the risk factor of International Inheritance of Inequalities in respective countries. Comparisons of structural contexts of the PROFIT project participant countries have been conducted with the application of various indicators of economic and social situation in each of them.
6

THEORETICAL INSPIRATIONS TO THE PROFIT PROJECT. CONCEPTUALIZING THE INTERGENERATIONAL INHERITANCE OF INEQUALITIES (IIofI)

80%
Warzywoda-Kruszynska W.
Przegląd Socjologiczny
|
2007
|
vol. 56
|
issue 2
15-26
EN
The author demonstrates possible ways of conceptualizing the phenomenon of Intergenerational Inheritance of Inequalities and its structural as well as micro-social determinants present in current academic discourses. Touching upon the key issues of the influence of family of origin and other factors impacting life trajectories of young people, the author takes note of controversies occurring within the discourses. These considerations make up a wide theoretical context for the studies on reproduction of social inequalities undertaken by the PROFIT project.
7

SPECIFIC FEATURES OF THE SOCIAL CAPITAL OF POLISH RURAL AREAS - THEORETICAL PRELIMINARIES AND PROBABLE SCOPE OF RESEARCH RELATING TO EDUCATION

80%
Mikiewicz P.
Wieś i Rolnictwo
|
2008
|
issue 3(140)
85-103
EN
The article marks an effort to systematically consider the problem of social capital in its aspects connected with social inequalities in access to education. The author is particularly interested in the possibility of explaining the reasons for the worse situation of rural youth in terms of access to education than that of young people from urban areas. He adopts as a staring point for his analysis three basic concepts of the specific character of social capital (as formulated by: Robert Putnam, James Coleman, and Pierre Bourdieu) and tries to determine the probable scope of research relating to the functioning of the educational system in rural areas. He also formulates a number of explanatory hypotheses. In accordance with its title the article has the character of theoretical preliminaries and constitutes a preamble to further investigations concerning the relation between social capital and education in rural areas.
8

Orientacja na dominacje społeczna i usprawiedliwianie systemu w kontekście nierówności międzypaństwowych

70%
Klebanink J.
Psychologia Społeczna
|
2010
|
vol. 5
|
issue 1(13)
42-56
EN
The attitude toward the hierarchical social order has been a subject of interest for social dominance theory (SDT: Sidanius, & Pratto, 1999) and system justification theory (SJT: Jost, & Banaji, 1994), among others. Both notice that situational variables can influence attitudes to inequality. The present study examined the effects of the experimentally created informational context on perception of social world. In three experimental conditions the texts emphasizing economic differences between countries, and in the control condition - differences in population density, were presented to the participants (N = 512). Contrary to expectations, persons who were informed about the low status of their group, showed higher social dominance orientation and lower system justification. They also rated social world as evil (competitive and dangerous). The participants who experienced weaker bond with their national group, and at the same time were not encouraged to think about international inequalities, were inclined to accept the hierarchical intergroup order to a somewhat smaller extent. The interrelationships can be explained by the SJT rather than the SDT.
9
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Rozdílné mechanismy – stejné nerovnosti. Změny v determinaci vzdělanostních aspirací mezi roky 1989 a 2003

70%
Mateju P., Smith M. L., Basl J.
Sociologický časopis. Czech Sociological Review
|
2008
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vol. 44
|
issue 2
371-399
EN
The article focuses on the changes in the determination of educational aspirations that took place in the Czech Republic during its social, political and economic transformation. The aim of the article is to contribute to a deeper understanding of the changes in the stratification system after 1989, which were significantly influenced by changes in the causal mechanisms behind the formation of educational aspirations. Those changes in the determinants of educational aspirations were themselves largely driven by the expansion of economic returns to education and thus the increasing significance of education for life success. The empirical research is based on a comparison of data from the 'Family '89' (Rodina '89) survey conducted in January 1989 and the Czech module of the longitudinal survey PISA-L 2003. The analyses were carried out with the hypothesis that the social origin of the background family had a much stronger direct impact on the educational aspirations of adolescents in 1989, while in 2003 social origin had a much stronger indirect influence. The stronger direct impact in 1989 was due to the very limited access to higher education under socialism and the role higher education played in the reproduction of the cultural elite. But with the gradual expansion of, and the rapidly increasing returns to, higher education during the transition period, social origin began to have a largely indirect effect on aspirations, particularly through the value pupils began to place on higher education as a means of ensuring a higher degree of life success. The authors' empirical findings confirm the hypothesis about the change from direct to indirect effects and highlight the importance of researching educational aspirations from a historical point of view and in the context of social change.
10

CHOOSING THE RIGHT KINDERGARTEN: PARENTS’ REASONING ABOUT THEIR ECEC CHOICES IN THE CONTEXT OF THE DIVERSIFICATION OF ECEC PROGRAMS

70%
Kampichler M., Dvořáčková J., Jarkovská L.
Pedagogický časopis (Journal of Pedagogy)
|
2018
|
vol. 9
|
issue 2
9 – 32
EN
The sphere of early childhood education care (ECEC) in the Czech Republic has diversified enormously in the last decade. The article describes this diversification process and, drawing on focus group data, analyses parents’ choices within this diversified realm. Based on the parents’ selection criteria (significantly influenced by constraints and opportunities relating to social background or family status), it identifies four parental groups: pedagogical approach-centred, child-centred, facility-centred and (constrained) non-selective. The issues of ECEC diversification and parental choice are then discussed in light of Annette Lareau’s classed cultural logics of child rearing and the potential implications for the reproduction and reinforcement of social inequalities.
11

Spilne ta vidminne u spryiniatti sotsialnoi nerivnosti naselennniam riznykh krain

70%
Malysh L.
Sotsiolohiia: teoriia, metody, marketyng (Sociology: Theory, Methods, Marketing)
|
2011
|
issue 4
97-120
EN
The results of comparative study of social inequalities evaluation by the population of various countries are set out in this article. The data of four waves of the Social Inequality module (for 1987, 1992, 1999 and 2009) of the International Social Survey Programme (ISSP) served as an empirical basis for the study. By means of cluster analysis within each wave of the module, the groups of countries were separated, for the population of which similar perceptions of inequality situations were inherent, and description of these perceptions for each cluster of countries was presented. The greatest variation in inequality evaluations by residents of various countries was marked off as regards the personhood influence on the life success achievement and degree of the population differentiation by income, while justice of earnings and conflict sharpness perceptions appeared to be the most homogeneous ones. As a result of comparison of inequalities evaluations in separate project member-countries, both the groups of countries with a similar inequalities perception and separate countries with a specific one were distinguished. The former groups include stable constellations of countries, reproducible in different waves of the module, where inequality evaluations are also stable enough.
12

LIFE STORIES OF YOUNG ADULTS FROM LOW STATUS FAMILIES

70%
Warzywoda-Kruszynska W., Rek M.
Przegląd Socjologiczny
|
2007
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vol. 56
|
issue 2
171-188
EN
The article is devoted to analysis of life careers of young adults from low socio-economic status inhabiting eight towns under study. The empirical basis for the article is in-depth interviews with young adults from low status families. Special attention was paid to the issue of reproduction of social inequalities and to the impact of institutional actors on the respondents' life careers. Research sample was selected among survey participants who originated from low status families.
13
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Sociální koheze. Teorie, koncepty a analytická východiska

61%
Safr J., Bayer I., Sedlackova M.
Sociologický časopis. Czech Sociological Review
|
2008
|
vol. 44
|
issue 2
247-269
EN
The article focuses on the academic discourse of social cohesion, from general theories of social integration through to the definitions, measurement methods, and basic analytical concepts. The authors identify two degrees of universality with respect to the use of the concept of social cohesion: 1) the creation and preservation of social order in general, and 2) the study of particular mechanisms of social cohesion (civic participation, the effectiveness of cooperation, etc.). The first part differentiates between different general social theories according to how they approach the question of integration (norms/procedures and structures/relations), and the second part reviews the most important empirical approaches to the study of cohesion at the micro- and society-wide levels and the indicators used in these approaches. The authors distinguish between approaches 'integration from the bottom up' (e.g. factors of in-group cohesion) and the enlarged multidimensional, normative/relational 'good society approach' to macro-social cohesion. In conclusion, the authors propose a conceptual framework for studying the social cohesion of Czech society broadly based on the 'good society' approach, which they further elaborate in terms of reciprocity and universally applicable rules. This multidimensional conceptual framework encompasses the vertical dimension of social inequalities and civic rights and the horizontal dimension of collective social capital, especially its bridging form.
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