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1

THE MOTHERS OF THE PLAZA DE MAYO - DEMANDS FOR MEMORY, JUSTICE AND TRUTH: DEALING WITH HUMAN RIGHTS VIOLATIONS

100%
Cichecka J.
Studia Socjologiczne
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2006
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issue 3(182)
37-66
EN
The text elaborates on the role of Argentinean human rights organization Mothers of the Plaza de Mayo in constructing social memory and in imparting information about crimes of state terrorism and military dictatorship in Argentina in 1976-1983. Assuming that the memory about disappeared victims of military dictatorship and about crimes of state terrorism is the basis for constructing principles and activities of social movement of Mothers of the Plaza de Mayo (Las Madres de Plaza de Mayo), it was acknowledged that presenting the subject matter would require defining the concept of social memory, revealing functions of the past in the present and explaining the historical context of state terrorism in Argentina. The article will also discuss various elements of the concept of social memory, socio-cultural mechanisms of generating and supporting social memory, as well as the influence of the memory of the past on the collective identity. The pressure on institutionalized forgetting about events of the painful past will further be developed. The authoress also describes the activism and articulation of human rights activists - Mothers of the Plaza de Mayo and four main areas of their activity: space, body, networks/information, motherhood. .
2

CURIOUS THOUGHT ON THINGS LIKE LITERATURE - WHAT IS IT FOR ?

100%
Janousek P.
Slovak Review. A Review of World Literature Research
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2005
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vol. 14
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issue 1
78-89
EN
The article gives consideration to the question of humane thinking in the context of what is usually perceived under the notion of science. Its argumentation rises from a linguistic paradox: the word 'science' is in nowadays Czech (but as well in other languages) used so to speak entirely in singular - despite the fact that the single/uniform de facto does not exist and the word 'science' is just an abstract notion, which hides a lot of very diverse 'sciences'. The polemic thorn of the reflection points against mechanic identification of all the sciences only with certain scientific branches and against the idea that approaches, methods, customs and criteria used by these sciences have obligatory value for the whole 'science', while the approaches, methods, customs and criteria used by other sciences are unscientific, or at least suspicious. The article gives notice of the fact that in other disciplines common ideas about the science as a synonym for the new discoveries, technologies, approaches, goods or therapeutic methods are not valid. On the example of the thinking on literature points that there exist 'curious' sciences that do not directly change the world of man but they 'just' explain it, for they are devoted to the sphere of human existence, which is practically impossible to reduce to mathematical models. Key words for these sciences are not words as 'exactness, empiricism, experiment and statistics' or words like 'progress and development' but collocations 'creative memory'. It is their own reason, purpose to preserve the awareness of the given society of itself and its ability of creative thinking - leading a ceaseless dialogue with itself and its environment. Another fact arises from this: while in common mechanic concepts 'science' has global dimension, 'curious' sciences are local and are existentially connected with a quite concrete collective, be it defined by nation, language of territory. Without this collective they would not exist - and on the contrary, these collectives would lose constituent part of their identity, which they are distinguished by. Other specific qualities of 'curious' sciences and different ways of their functioning grow from the described features, and these are analyzed in the major part of the article.
3
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Społeczna pamięć przesiedlenia: studium porównawcze na przykładzie dwóch powojennych społeczności lokalnych Polski i Ukrainy

88%
Wylegała A.
Studia Socjologiczne
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2013
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issue 2(209)
149-172
EN
In this article I analyze the forced resettlement/deportation in the narratives of Poles and Ukrainians, who between 1944 and 1946 were “repatriated” from former Borderlands to the “recovered lands” or from South-Eastern Poland to the Soviet Ukraine, and in the memory of their descendants. The empirical base of the analysis were interviews conducted during monographic research in two small towns in Poland and in Ukraine, Krzyż and Zhovkva. The text attempts to answer questions of whether the memory of the displacement among the interviewees from these two places has anything in common, what are the reasons of differences, and how the memory of displacement operates among the younger people in the families. Social and individual context of biographical memory were also analyzed.
4
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Pomiędzy pamięcią a historią. Polskie miasta wobec wielokulturowego dziedzictwa

75%
Kubicki P.
Pogranicze. Studia Społeczne
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2012
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vol. 20
53-66
EN
Tis article discusses the question of the reconstruction of social memory in Polish cities. To illustrate this process the author decided to employ a comparative approach and analyzed this process in two Polish cities: Krakow and Wroclaw. Te case selection was directed by their comparable population size and their importance as cultural and scientifc centres. As far as diferences between the three are concerned, their demographic reproduction patterns are substantially distinct. Krakow has preserved and reproduced its traditional bourgeois character, whereas Wroclaw serves as a typical example of a post-migrant city with an entirely reconstructed identity because of the post-World War II population shifs. Despite their multiethnic composition and heritage, in the formative period for contemporary collective identities in the 19th century these cities built their identities solely with relation to symbolically homogenous contexts (Polish in Krakow and German in Wroclaw). Tese nationally homogeneous discourses were even strengthened during the postwar period and continued long afer WWII. Te breakthrough came with the collapse of communism. Te inhabitants of the cities regained a possibility of social agency and by this token a chance for building new identities. However, these processes did not start from scratch. Tey were determined by existing social and cultural structures which imprinted their particular patterns on their new developments.
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PROCESSES OF NEGOTIATION AND CHANGE OF SOCIAL MEMORY ON THE EXAMPLE OF THE VILLAGE OF PURDA WIELKA (Procesy negocjowania i zmiany pamieci spolecznej na pograniczu kulturowym na przykladzie wsi Purda)

75%
Margiela D., Pazderski F., Rogowski L.
Przegląd Zachodni
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2011
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issue 1(338)
177-201
EN
The article is a reflection on the social memory of the inhabitants of cultural borderlands. The text is based on the results of empirical studies carried out in the village of Purda Wielka in 1948 and 2005, and consists of three parts. Each part shows the mutual relations between the macro- and micro-cultural (macro- and micro-historical) perspective, describing how major social and historical events affected everyday life. Particular parts concern the following topics: 'everyday commemoration', forms of commemorating past events, and the impact of changes of the educational system on everyday life.
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ANTI-COMMUNIST RESISTANCE IN THE FĂGĂRAȘ MOUNTAINS (ROMANIA) AS A CHALLENGE FOR SOCIAL MEMORY AND AN EXERCISE OF CRITICAL THINKING

75%
Sorea D., Bolborici A.-M.
Sociológia (Sociology)
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2021
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vol. 53
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issue 3
266 – 286
EN
Social memory is dynamic, adaptable to the ensemble of group perceptions on the present. In the first decade after WWII there were numerous active anti-communist armed resistance groups in the Romanian mountains. The most powerful resistance groups operated on the southern and northern sides of the Făgăraș Mountains. According to the results of exploratory research conducted in 2020 the representations of the anti-communist resistance in the mountains in Romanian young people’s memories are feeble. Retrieving representations of the resistance is useful as critical exercise in understanding history, as source of identity comfort and as part of the lesson on totalitarianism.
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ANTINOMIES OF SOCIAL MEMORY (Antinomie socialni pameti)

75%
Subrt J.
Sociológia (Sociology)
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2011
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vol. 43
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issue 2
133-157
EN
Theoretical thinking in the humanities and social sciences is formed by opinions often based on very different starting points. As a result, there are certain recurrent theoretical problems, which appear to us as antinomies, dilemmas and paradoxes. The study of social memory shows that even in these areas there are many conflicting opinions. This article outlines ten antinomies characterised by the following terms: individual memory and collective memory, spirit and matter, saving and deleting, irrevocable and revocable history, spontaneous and purposeful memory, myth and science, rationality and irrationality, liberating and traumatic memory, connecting and dividing memory, enlightenment and incorrigibility.
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