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1

PIESŇOVÉ DRUHY A ŽÁNRE V ZBERATEĽSKEJ KONCEPCII KAROLA PLICKU

100%
Timková M.
Musicologica Slovaca
|
2020
|
vol. 11 (37)
|
issue 2
274 - 302
EN
The manuscript collection of Karol Plicka (1894–1987) is one of the most important sources for the Slovak folk song dating from the first half of the 20th century. A prerequisite for the study of this collection is a thoroughgoing source criticism of the song repertoire recorded, which also serves as the starting point for further processing and evaluation. Based on the song material recorded in the Trenčín region (in western Slovakia), we address the issues of classification of the song repertoire in terms of the occasions for singing, the functions of song, and the bearers of song tradition. The aim of the article is to reconstruct the system of song genres which was present in the background to Plicka’s concept of collection, as one of the important aspects of the documentation of traditional singing. Part of this reconstruction is an attempt to distinguish the specific features of Plicka’s work in relation to the particular song categories.
2

TRACING PREHISTORIC OBSERVATORIES - SOME ISSUES CONCERNING ARCHAEOASTRONOMY (Muinasobservatooriumite jalgedel - monest arheoastronoomia probleemkohast)

86%
Jonuks T.
Mäetagused
|
2011
|
vol. 48
65-78
EN
The article takes a critical look at archaeoastronomy as a marginalised area of research and dwells upon the so-called 'bad examples' with an aim to highlight the methodological reasons why archaeoastronomy is not considered a true science. The elicited examples are indeed made by amateurs, yet with an academic research background, and published in academic format. Thus, these treatments can potentially find their way into the knowledge of common people and shape their worldview. Until now, critical reviews of the relevant treatments have been non-existent, and the following article attempts to analyse the problematic issues in archaeoastronomy related treatments and bring out certain generalisations as to why such strange conclusions have been reached.
3

THE LOST BYZANTINE SOURCES IN THE OLD RUSSIAN LITERATURE

86%
Afinogenov D.
Slavica Slovaca
|
2008
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vol. 43
|
issue 1
29-41
EN
It has long been known that a number of works of the Byzantine literature survives only in the Church Slavonic translations. However, a systematic approach to the collections within which they circulated may yield very interesting and often unexpected results. The article analyses the texts from the ten-volume menological collection widely known in Old Rus' according to four categories. The first includes the works lost in the original without a trace. The second is represented by the texts lost in Greek which nevertheless left traces in contemporary or later sources. The third group consists of the texts which survive in the original with greater or lesser losses, while the fourth - of the works available, besides the translation, in one or more Greek manuscripts. Every time it turns out that the Slavonic translations are extremely valuable not only from the point of view of textology, but also of their contents. Therefore full-fledged study of the Byzantine history and culture especially of the 8th to 10th century is impossible without use of the sources that survive only in Church Slavonic. Moreover, reconstruction of such substantial collections of texts as, e.g., the full cycle of pre-Metaphrastic menologia is only possible if the Old Russian literature is taken into account. The underlying reason is that the source for the translations was one of the richest book deposits of the Empire - the library of the Studios monastery in Constantinople.
4
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Současné bádání o středověké inkvizici: Stav, směřování, perspektivy

72%
Zbíral D.
Český časopis historický (The Czech Historical Review)
|
2012
|
vol. 110
|
issue 1
1-19
EN
Research on the Inquisition has undergone significant changes currently. It has become more critical; it appreciates the legacy of earlier historiography and defines itself against its preconceptions. It follows wider theoretical discussions in the historical and social sciences. It pays increased attention to the publication of sources and a critical evaluation of sources of the inquisitional records. More than ever before it is interested in the inquisitors’ world and strives to understand their motivation. It seems that the most important change in the overall image of the Inquisition is that the researchers no longer consider the medieval Inquisition as an organisation or system of special court tribunals but tend to comprehend it as a type of legal procedure which was in no way merely limited to proceedings in relation to heresy. However, despite that, it is possible to discern certain regularities in Inquisition activities. They deter us from conceiving the Inquisition activities as completely random and from studying them merely on the level of individual judicial courts, or even individual inquisitors. Whether researchers interpret these regularities using the concept of discourse or not, they agree that they had a vital impact on the image of the world of the deponents. However, historians no longer consider the relationship between the inquisitor and the deponent – though principally unequal – as a unilateral exercise of the inquisitor’s power over the helpless and passive individual giving evidence. They are beginning to view it more as a relationship based upon negotiation in which the deponent had a certain amount of space for agency and expression and some opportunities to voice their resistance or otherwise influence the dialogue to which they had been summoned. In future years it will be necessary to pay increased attention to the preparation of critical editions of numerous as yet unpublished sources, as well as to new editions of sources whose publications are considered unsatisfactory. It can be expected that the source criticism of Inquisition records will develop further, yet accompanied by an ever growing opposition against radical scepticism in terms of them being able to mediate the world views of those who were questioned. It is essential that further comprehensive studies on the functioning of individual local tribunals, alongside inductive studies on religious dissent movements, emerge which would be rather founded on a differentiated, everyday picture in Inquisition records than on a problematic concept of precise institutional and doctrinal outlines of individual “medieval heresies”. Finally, there is much work to be done in the theory and methodology of the study of the inquisitional records. Much can be achieved using contemporary methods and tools of social sciences, including specialised computer assisted qualitative data analysis software (CAQDAS).
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