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ATYPICAL LOCAL-GOVERNMENT INDEBTEDNESS IN HUNGARY (Atipikus onkormanyzati eladosodas Magyarorszagon)

100%
Vigvari A.
Kozgazdasagi Szemle (Economic Review)
|
2009
|
vol. 56
|
issue 7/8
709-730
EN
The paper sets out to examine the local-government system in Hungary, starting from an atypical pattern of indebtedness among LGOs in recent years. One symptom of the atypical indebtedness is atypical local government. It argues that this as another factor behind the break-up of the Hungarian local-government model and also a cause for further changes. Having presented the main features of this Hungarian local-government model, the author draws attention to the financial structure, before analysing the effect of the indebtedness on the sustainability of the budget. The paper looks at the possibility of handling the problem in the short term, within the frames of the existing model, but points out that the indebtedness is a further obstacle to paradigmatic reform. Finally it advances two possible scenarios for a systemic solution to modernization.
2

PRIMARY SCHOOL SEGREGATION IN HUNGARY AT THE TURN OF THE CENTURY (Általános iskolai szegregacio Magyarorszagon az ezredfordulo utan)

88%
Kertesi G., Kezdi G.
Kozgazdasagi Szemle (Economic Review)
|
2009
|
vol. 56
|
issue 11
959-1000
EN
The study draws on the 2006 national competence survey, covering all schools and all pupils in one school year, in attempting a detailed study of Hungarian school segregation: the degree of segregation at the inter-school and intra-school class levels, and the relations affecting settlement and regional (district) spatial differences and degree of segregation. The new feature of the analysis is its comprehensiveness. There have been several thorough research projects in recent decades into the motives and hidden mechanisms of school segregation that have covered certain sections of the Hungarian education system or the schooling policy of a particular city or division of a city. This is the first attempt to arrive at valid statements about school segregation on a basis of every primary school in the whole country.
3

FISCAL COMPETITION ON THE MARKET FOR DIESEL FUEL IN THE EUROPEAN UNION (Gazolaj-jovedekiado verseny az Europai Unioban)

88%
Paizs L.
Kozgazdasagi Szemle (Economic Review)
|
2009
|
vol. 56
|
issue 3
216-238
EN
The paper assesses spatial competition in diesel taxation among European governments. By adding an extension to the standard model, it is shown that asymmetric competition - small countries undercutting large - implies that small countries respond less strongly to tax changes by their neighbours than large countries do. An estimate is then made of the fiscal reaction functions for national governments, employing a first-difference regression model with a weighting scheme constructed from road-traffic density data at national borders. Data from 16 countries (EU-15 minus Greece plus Norway and Switzerland) between 1978 and 2005 provides evidence that European governments set their diesel tax interdependently, and moreover, that small European countries tend to react less strongly to changes in their competitors' tax rate than large countries do.
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