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1

EQUESTRIAN STATUES IN ANTIQUITY: CITY, PEOPLE, MONUMENTS

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Nováková L., Hrnčiarik E., Daňová M.
Studia Historica Nitriensia
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2018
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vol. 22
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issue 2
434 – 455
EN
Greek city-states formed a comprehensive social system with regard to the political and socio-economic aspects of their inhabitants. Polis, regarded as a political and religious group of people living in a particular area, had three basic components: the citizens, the political constitution and the territory. The citizens were involved in the construction of public buildings and in a number of other activities. This is probably why the role of communities, which directly defined the polis, was accentuated. At least in part egalitarian character of Greek society, dominated by Athenians, restricted the possibilities of portraying individuals. The tumultuous events of the Classical period spotlighted military commanders and politicians. This trend got stronger in the next centuries. While promoting equality, the poleis honoured beneficial acts and remarkable deeds of their citizens. Public places were filled with typified statues of “andres agathoi.” This statuary landscape of Greek cities, partially preserved in epigraphic finds, has almost disappeared. The importance of euergetism increased in the Late Classical period, becoming one of the main funding sources for the maintenance of public life. Individual citizens were rewarded with honorific inscriptions and were often granted other honours as well. The Hellenistic poleis – maintaining autonomy in the utmost sense – granted various honours and privileges to the members of royal dynasties and their close dignitaries. Particular emphasis was laid on military memorials, including equestrian statues, which became an integral part of the public monuments in antiquity.
2

KAM ZMIZLI SOCHY LENINA A GOTTWALDA? PREMENA ČESKOSLOVENSKÉHO VEREJNÉHO PRIESTORU PO ROKU 1989

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Hudek P.
Historický časopis (Historical Journal)
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2023
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vol. 71
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issue 1
115–145
EN
This article focuses on the situation in the public space of Czechoslovakia after the Velvet Revolution in 1989. It analyses the status and interventions on monuments and memorials built during state socialism in Czechoslovakia. Attention is given to the statues of communist leaders and their emblems (Lenin, Gottwald, Zápotocký, Militiaman, and others). The text is divided into eight interconnected parts. The first and second sections of the article explore in detail the public space in Czechoslovakia during November and December 1989 and its visual side. The other parts focus on the treatment of pro-regime monuments – their removal, destruction, and replacement. The sixth and seventh sections are dedicated to the museumization of these unwanted objects in squares and museums. The last part examines the new potential uses of statues from the period of state socialism in terms of their transformation into new representative symbols or their sale. The main aim of this article is to respond to questions related to statues and monuments used as political representations from the period of state realism and their cultural and historical role after 1989 in former Czechoslovakia. The research seeks to take a critical look at the accepted hypothesis that statues of the former regime were destroyed and more closely discusses their status after the Velvet Revolution.
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