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1

MUḤAMMAD CALĪ’S CONQUEST OF SUDAN (1820 – 1824)

100%
Beška E.
Asian and African Studies
|
2019
|
vol. 28
|
issue 1
30 - 56
EN
This paper deals with two Turkish-Egyptian expeditions sent to Sudan by the Egyptian Viceroy Muḥammad cAlī Pasha at the turn of the third decade of the nineteenth century. The first one, commanded by his son Ismācīl Kāmil Pasha, conquered the declining kingdom of Sinnār in 1820 – 1821. The second one was led by his son-in-law, Muḥammad Bey Khusraw ad-Daftardār, and seized Kordofan (Arab. Kurdufān) in 1821. After the killing of Ismācīl Kāmil Pasha in Shandī, tribes inhabiting the Nile valley revolted in October 1822. Following the brutal suppression of the revolt, Sudan became an Egyptian colony. However, the main long-term goals of the expedition – to acquire large quantities of gold and build a modern army of Sudanese slaves – were not accomplished.
2
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VÝSKUMY LOKALITY DUWEJM WAD HADŽ V SUDÁNE V ROKOCH 2017 A 2018

80%
Hudec J., Cheben M., Kovár B.
Študijné zvesti
|
2019
|
issue 65
207 - 220
EN
In 2017 and 2018 seasons, archaeological research and geophysical research was made at the Sudanese archaeological site of Duweym Wad Hajj. Research has identified a number of underground structures that, along with discovered pottery material, could be an indication of an older settlement. Previous site surveys predicted the existence of ancient architecture here. In addition to the geophysical survey, the old mosque was documented at the site.
3

REPORT ON SURVEYS IN DUWEYM WAD HAJ

70%
Hudec J., Cheben M., Kovár B.
Asian and African Studies
|
2019
|
vol. 28
|
issue 2
168 – 179
EN
This article reports on the surveys of “the Slovak research at the Sudanese site of Duweym Wad Haj,” a joint project of the Institute of Oriental Studies and the Archaeological Institute, both of the Slovak Academy of Sciences (SAS). A short survey was carried out at the site in November 2017. Two mosques, qubba and a tell were identified; the tell rises about 5 to 6 m above the alluvial terrain. The western entrance to the older mosque is flanked by hard black stone blocks. Nearby is a worked stone block of the same material. Non-diagnostic pot-sherds were found mainly concentrated on the northern side of the tell. A geophysical survey, documentation of the older mosque and archaeological prospecting were carried out in February 2018; fragments of alabaster, black and red granite and stone industry were identified at the site. The geophysical survey was carried out by a georadar RAMAC X3M system with 500 MHz antenna and processed by ReflexW software. The site was divided up into 8 areas and the individual areas were measured out by GPS Trimble R2. Overall, 11 structures were discovered.
4

BRITAIN’S EFFORT TO CONTINUE ITS TUTELAGE OF EGYPT AFTER THE WW II, 1945 – 1947

70%
Sorby K. R.
Asian and African Studies
|
2018
|
vol. 27
|
issue 2
125 – 142
EN
In May 1945, when WW II ended, in Egypt a long-pent-up flood of nationalist sentiment became apparent. Not only the Egyptian politicians, but the public as well felt that Britain should at last leave Egypt entirely and accept the unity of the Nile Valley (Egypt and Sudan). Instead Britain was trying to bring pressure on Egypt to join a Western defence pact, while British troops remained on Egyptian soil as a constant provocation to the wishes of the Egyptians. Against a background of anti-British upheaval, the labour foreign secretary Ernest Bevin accepted the principle of total British withdrawal from Egypt, despite bitter attacks from the conservative opposition led by Winston Churchill. However, the opportunity for a settlement collapsed over Sudan. The British government had not accepted the notion of Egyptian-Sudanese unity because the British military held that, in the event of a withdrawal from Egypt, it was even more essential to retain control of Sudan.
5

PRELIMINARY REPORT ON THE DUWEYM WAD HAJ SEASON 2022

61%
Hudec J., Kovár B., Lieskovský T., Fulajtár E., Černý M., Horáková L., Smoláriková K.
Asian and African Studies
|
2022
|
vol. 31
|
issue 2
378 – 398
EN
This contribution reports on results of multidisciplinary research in Duweym Wad Haj in January and February 2022. The archaeological excavations focused on the internal structures and architecture of the old mosque and discovered eleven residuals of bases of pillars and/or columns of a riwaq. These results indicate the existence of the riwaq along all the perimeter walls, with a different number of arcades along each wall, which enclosed an open internal yard. The soil survey confirmed a ca 7 metres high eolian dune below the old mosque, without traces of any significant settlement down to a depth of ca 5.5 m. The research on the mudbricks and construction of the old mosque confirmed its irregular plan, due to the orientation of the qibla wall and the making of mudbricks sourced from both local and imported material. The analysis of ceramics indicated the presence of pottery largely from the Funj period. Samples taken during the season will be subject to further research.
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