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1

'WITHOUT WORDS'. A PHONETIC ANALYSIS OF NONVERBAL VOCAL COMMUNICATION

100%
Marko A.
Magyar Nyelvor (Hungarian Language Guardian)
|
2005
|
vol. 129
|
issue 1
88-104
EN
What the author calls humming is a vocal phenomenon consisting of nasal voicing, accompanied by an occasional [h]-type noise, and having independent, well identifiable discourse functions. A series of experiments has been designed to study one group of such communicative vocal phenomena. The results demonstrate that the three basic types analysed ('yes', 'no', 'question') differ in their temporal complexity and their melodic pattern. Humming that means 'yes' differs from the plain indication of attentiveness mainly in terms of repetitiveness, whereas it differs from interrogative humming in the value of the upstep interval involved. These vocal phenomena have independent meaning that is attached to a (prelingual, monorhemic, and motivated) complex of both segmental and suprasegmental structure, as opposed to verbal signs in which segmental structure carries what is called their basic meaning and suprasegmental structure has a mere shading function.
2

SUPRASEGMENTAL CHARACTERISTICS OF TEXTS OF VARIOUS GENRES

100%
Imre A.
Magyar Nyelvor (Hungarian Language Guardian)
|
2005
|
vol. 129
|
issue 4
510-520
EN
A phonetic investigation of various types of texts is definitely justified since all genres have their specific features in the way they sound. In a two-task perception test, the author intended to find out whether the genre of a text can be identified by listening to its suprasegmental structure only, and if it can, which suprasegmental feature is the most characteristic of which genre. She also wished to find an answer to the question of whether the suprasegmental characteristics of the individual genres can be identified irrespective of the language and/or the cultural setting involved. The test was administered to three age groups, as well as to both Hungarians and non-Hungarians. It was assumed that the identification of certain genres is unproblematic in all age groups but there will be genres that are more difficult to determine. Another hypothesis was that, irrespective of the distinct intonational and stress structures of the various languages, the sound of certain genres is more culture-dependent than based on linguistic differences. The results show that spontaneous dialogues were the easiest to recognise. All Hungarian groups of subjects identified sermons relatively confidently, whereas non-Hungarians did not. Significant differences were also found between Hungarians and foreigners with respect to poems and tales. The tempo of rendering and the characteristics of pauses turned out to be the features most relevant for genre identification.
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