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CRISIS, VALUE, SURVIVAL (Valsag, Ertek, Tuleles. Keresztvalasz Kulcsar Kalman: A modernizacio, a rendszervaltozas es a magyar valosag c. Delphi -vitainditojara)

100%
Varga K.
Tarsadalomkutatas (Social Science Research)
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2009
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vol. 27
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issue 4
401-422
EN
The Editor-in-Chief of Tarsadalomkutatas starts the debate from one of the main topics of his research oeuvre, from modernisation as a 'dress rehearsal' of the scale of pilot study for the Delphi volume of discussions under preparation and to be edited by Kalman Kulcsar and the present author. The first response to the paper is the present one, reversing the perspective of Professor Kulcsar's paper which is progressing in the history of concepts, and the author starts from the fact of the present global crisis and goes back in quest of elements that contain crisis potential right from the outset and can be grasped in the set of values of modernisation. Listing the relevant theses of several authors he presents evidence that besides the undoubtedly evolutionary achievements of modernisation some problematic factors as parasitic side-effects have been maturing in the value control of the process. Based on Hellemans he presents that in the face of the initial resistance of the institution of traditionally conservative values (such as the Roman Catholic Church) some basic values of modernisation would continue to show the direction, while he stresses of the discussion of modernisation between Daniel Bell and Habermas of the '70s that the forecast of disintegration implied in 'consume hedonism' condemned by Bell proved to be more realistic than the perspective of he 'project of modernisation' defended by Habermas. The current statements of the two authors already support this. In harmony with Bell's line Hofstede makes the fundamentally short-term orientation of the American set of values for the global crisis, contrasting it to the Chinese par excellence long-term one. Wallerstein's theory of centre and periphery also originates the present crisis from old contradictions, among others from the schizophrenic situation of the periphery which can only expect to enjoy the advantages of getting organically included in world economy only at the cost of the rapid amortisation of its human capital. The human capital model of Schulz may be linked to this, while it directs attention to the trend threatening survival in Hungary in view of domestic male mortality. It is at this point that the author paper joins the conclusions of Professor Kulcsar's opening paper namely that the modernisation of the globalised world liveable by us as well is the adaptation of the society by its own conditions, together with the continuous improvement of those conditions. Thus following the warning of Domokos Kosary we may avoid the present variant of dual mistake committed in the 20th century: namely disregarding the current space of mobility in global politics, and self-exposure to the 'favours' of great powers as well as of multinationals.
2

Pro-social basic human values and civic involvement. The moderating role of survival vs self-expression cultural context

86%
Radkiewicz P., Zavala d. A., Skarzynska K.
Polish Psychological Bulletin
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2008
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vol. 39
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issue 4
226-235
EN
The present study investigated a hypothesis that the pro-social values differentiated by S. Schwartz's model of basic human values - universalism and benevolence - would positively predict civic involvement. Most importantly, authors expected that the type of pro-social value that would play a dominant motivational role would depend on moderating role of the level of self-expression and benevolence - cultural value dimension developed by R. Inglehart. Based on discriminant function analyses performed on the data gathered in 17 European countries through the European Social Survey conducted in 2002, authors found that universalism predicts civic involvement only in self-expression countries, whereas the role of benevolence is rather neglectable and independent of the cultural context. The results are discussed with reference to cross-cultural differences in Europe.
3
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O NIEKTÓRYCH ZAGADNIENIACH REALIZMU SOCJALISTYCZNEGO W SZTUCE

86%
Šolta V.
DYSKURS: Pismo Naukowo-Artystyczne ASP we Wrocławiu
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2016
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vol. 21
204-219
EN
ON SOME ISSUES OF SOCIALIST REALISM IN ART Vladimír Šolta (1924–1977) – painter, cartoonist and writer. From the 1950’s, he held a number of positions in the sector of cultural policy in Czechoslovakia. After 1970, he actively participated in the reform of the Union of Czechoslovak Artists (SČSVU) in the spirit of the so-called. standardization. Solta’s article is considered as one of the most dogmatically formulated analyzes of socialist realism in Czechoslovakia. In the five-year period of the most strict totalitarianism (1948–1953), Solta was one of the main supporters of renewal of classical national tradition, realism and thematic art. In the campaign against modern art, he used the terminology and arguments on aesthetics by Zhdanov and Stalin. At the same time, he used the method which evolved to an absurd and was connected with ‘critical’ analysis of works of art. The method was to detect formalistic relics. [Vladimír Solta, K některým Otázka socialistického realismu ve výtvarné umění, „Výtvarné umění I”, No. 3, 1950–1951, pp. 108–132.] The text reprinted in an abridged version. (Excerpts from the author’s biography and commentary to the editorial published in the original Czech by Jiří Ševčík, Pavlína Morganová, Dagmar Dušková, České umění 1938–1989 (programs / kritické texty / documents), Praha 2001 Academia, pp. 141–148; biography, p. 494. Translation from the Czech language by Krzysztof Dackiewicz
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CONTRIBUTION OF JOSIP BAKIĆ’S RESEARCH TO THE STUDY OF WILD EDIBLE PLANTS OF THE ADRIATIC COAST: A MILITARY PROJECT WITH ETHNOBIOLOGICAL AND ANTHROPOLOGICAL IMPLICATIONS

72%
Jug-Dujakoviċ M., Łuczaj Ł.
Slovenský národopis (Slovak Ethnology)
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2016
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vol. 64
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issue 2
158 – 168
EN
In 1962-1986 Yugoslav Army carried out a project in which Josip Bakić from the Institute for Naval Medicine of the Yugoslav Navy in Split took the main professional role. In the project, amongst other activities, Bakić and his team explored the possibility of soldiers’ survival on the Adriatic islands based on wild plants and marine animals. As a part of this project, wild food plants and animals from the coast that had been used by the population during World War I and II were surveyed. Some phytochemical properties of the plants were also studied. Education of soldiers and the wider public was provided based on the results of the research and experiments. The project is a unique example of combining a scientific study with a practical military experiment. Apart from scientific papers the results were also popularized as a survival handbook, a book about nutrition from nature, film documentaries, and workshops. In this paper we summarize the achievements of this project based on the review of published data and interviews with Josip Bakić.
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