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VIEWS OF THE PRAGUE SCHOOL OF LINGUISTICS ON SYNCHRONY AND DIACHRONY

100%
Peter M.
Magyar Nyelv (Hungarian Language)
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2006
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vol. 102
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issue 4
400-407
EN
From the very beginning, the PSL did not accept Saussure's strict opposition of the synchronic and diachronic approaches to language. Following the ideas of Baudouin de Courtenay, the Prague scholars extended the structural principle to the historical study of language on the one hand and, on the other hand, they introduced the notion of the 'dynamics of synchrony', i.e., the view of the language system as one containing, besides its stable elements, also remnants of its former state and seeds of a forthcoming state as well. The concept of the language system as a space with an uneven density of elements, structured according to the principle 'Centre - Periphery - Transition' (Danes) greatly contributed to the handling of intermediate linguistic phenomena and problems of linguistic vagueness, and promoted the foundation of the theory of 'functional-semantic categories' (Bondarko).
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Různost jazyků a její interpretace v díle Vladimíra Skaličky: studie z moderních dějin české lingvistiky

63%
Vasiljev I.
Slovo a slovesnost: časopis pro otázky teorie a kultury jazyka (Slovo a slovesnost: A journal for the theory of language and language cultivation)
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2008
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vol. 69
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issue 1-2
99-110
EN
Vladimir Skalicka's contributions to linguistic typology have been widely recognized. This paper tries to capture the significance of the problem of language diversity in its broadest sense for the development of Skalicka's scholarship and for his scientific legacy. The author argues that in a 1947 Czech-language article titled 'The problem of language diversity' published in Slovo a slovesnost, Skalicka gave in fact a sketch of a blueprint for modern linguistics in which he advocated a holistic approach to the study of language through a balanced texture of the triple aspect of language: its semiotic nature, its diversity and its structure. The least one can say is that Skalicka seems to have followed these self-imposed, yet highly stimulating guidelines for the rest of his life. The final part of the paper is an attempt at summarizing Skalicka's contribution to the understanding of the semiotic connection of linguistic typology and the mutual relations between language and mind or language and society. The author concludes that although Skalicka did not directly answer or even explicitly ask the question of why languages differ from each other, he nevertheless cleared the way for future attempts at a structural explanation of the origins of language diversity.
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