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Rola sanktuariów diecezjalnych na Ziemiach Zachodnich w krzewieniu tożsamości religijnej i narodowej

100%

Mocny R.

Adhibenda

2017

issue 4

31-51

The following study focuses on the role of sanctuaries, which – as places where faith was propagated among the Polish population settled here in 1945 – are located in the areas of the historical church administration, namely the diocese of Kamienna (1140-1545) and Lubusz (1124/25-1564), inhabited primarily by German citizens. The analysis shows the history of several selected sanctuaries, the ones which continuously functioned from the Middle Ages onwards. Smaller ones were not included, as they were not frequently visited, and thus did not have significant influence in the process of shaping spiritual life, or were completely liquidated. The main purpose of the article is to answer the question about the influence of the sanctuaries on the development of religious awareness (until 1945) and the national and religious awareness of the population of this region (after 1945). The sanctuaries presented in the study were the places of lively religious worship over the centuries. Their role was even strengthened after 1945, when the Catholic Church entrusted them with the task of promoting both the Catholic faith and the national identity of the new settlers. This identity was developed not only in a ‘positive’ way, that is referring to the union of these areas with the Piast tradition, but also in a ‘negative’ way: removing all traces of the centuries-long presence of the Germans in this region. In particular, religious stereotypes that linked the Catholic Church to the Polish nation became evident in these places. They refer to the image of Poland as the bulwark of Christianity and a Pole-Catholic. It is also worth noting that they played a significant role in the process of organizing Polish society after World War II. Like all the clichés, they began to live their own lives and became embedded in the consciousness of the vast population of the Western Lands. The Church, to some extent, contributed to strengthening the myth of the Polish nation as a sacrifice. According to many priests of the above-mentioned sanctuaries, each Pole was a deeply religious patriot, affectionately connected with the Catholic Church. Undoubtedly, these places contributed to strengthening the union of the religious community and to maintaining ties with Catholicism. The Church was the only institution after World War II to influence all layers of society and to cultivate not only religious but also cultural and political traditions, among other things, through the celebration of national anniversaries. The places of religious worship described here were the communio sanctorum through the centuries - a special space of communication between the earthly and the supernatural. The sanctuaries presented here had to face a number of difficulties over the centuries. In addition to the wars – which often resulted in churches being destroyed or converted into buildings which served other purposes, a significant role was played by the Reformation, whose doctrine did not allow for developing sanctuaries and worshipping saints. Over the centuries, the Western Territories changed in terms of nationality and religion; however, the fact that those sanctuaries still existed helped the faithful to perceive the continuation of the Catholic faith cultivated in these areas through the centuries.

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1 Adhibenda

1 Mocny R.

1 2017

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Rola sanktuariów diecezjalnych na Ziemiach Zachodnich w krzewieniu tożsamości religijnej i narodowej