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1

A Fight to Reclaim the Central Asian Frontier. The Seleucid and Parthian Rivalry in the 230s BC

100%

Overtoom N. L.

Studia Hercynia

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2021

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vol. 25

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issue 1

105-118

EN

This article investigates the initial conflict between the Parthians and Seleucids in the late 230s BC that established a much longer period of rivalry between these opposing forces. Arsaces I founded the independent Parthian kingdom in northeastern Iran during a period of geopolitical crisis throughout the Hellenistic Middle East. Although he successfully removed and replaced the rebellious Seleucid satrap in the region and quickly integrated his followers into the local aristocracy, the Parthian state remained vulnerable. The Parthians could expect some form of imminent Seleucid retaliation if the war between Seleucus II and his brother Antiochus Hierax subsided. This article reconsiders the eastern campaign of Seleucus against the Parthians to appreciate better the agency and accomplishments of the Parthians. It challenges the tradition that the Parthians were weak and acted cowardly. Instead, it concludes that the Parthians proved resourceful, clever, and triumphant.

2

Die städtischen Eliten der Kolonien der syrischen Tetrapolis zwischen Seleukiden, Armeniern, Parthern und Römern

67%

Engels D.

Electrum

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2013

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vol. 20

77–115

EN

The following paper proposes, for the fi rst time, an exhaustive overview over the situation of the late-Hellenistic local elites of the Syrian tetrapolis (Antiochia, Seleucia, Apamea, Laodicea), a fi rst part concerning the late-Seleucid situation from the death of Antiochus IV onwards, a second one the movemented decades of the Armenian, Parthian and Roman Republican era. Both parts fi rst analyse the general political situation of the Syrian elites on the basis of our literary and numismatical sources in order to sketch the interaction between the respective communal and the imperial level, then systematically discuss the prosopographical evidence.

3

„Da richteten sie in Jerusalem ein Gymnasion her, wie es auch die Heiden hatten.“ Das Gymnasion von Jerusalem und der Aufstand der Makkabäer: Sport, Religion und Politik.

67%

Engels D.

Electrum

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2014

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vol. 21

43–71

EN

The following paper presents an extensive overview over the motivations, circumstances and consequences of the foundation of an Hellenistic gymnasium and the constitution of a civic group of “Antiochenes” within early Seleucid Jerusalem by the philhellenic Jewish elite gathered around the high priest Jason.

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2 Electrum

1 Studia Hercynia

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1 Overtoom N. L.

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A Fight to Reclaim the Central Asian Frontier. The Seleucid and Parthian Rivalry in the 230s BC

Die städtischen Eliten der Kolonien der syrischen Tetrapolis zwischen Seleukiden, Armeniern, Parthern und Römern

„Da richteten sie in Jerusalem ein Gymnasion her, wie es auch die Heiden hatten.“ Das Gymnasion von Jerusalem und der Aufstand der Makkabäer: Sport, Religion und Politik.