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Między prawdą a fałszem. Status języka serbsko-chorwackiego po rozpadzie II Jugosławii

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Jaroszewicz H.

Rocznik Slawistyczny

2012

vol. 61

39-57

In the period of the communist Yugoslavia, Serbo-Croatian was one of the three official languages of the state, acting as a native language of four nations: Serbs, Croats, Bosnians and Montenegrins. After the collapse of the Yugoslav state in the late twentieth century, this language has been officially abolished, and the Slavic studies began discussion of its status. In these debates the issue of a complex identity of language is usually ignored, which gave rise to objections as to the description of the new situation of Serbo-Croatian. The discussion was also hampered by the erroneous practice of hypostatizing and dichotomizing the described language phenomena. At the moment there are two main approaches towards the notion of the Serbo-Croatian language. According to the first one, Serbo-Croatian is still a really existing standard language, with four national variants (Serbian, Croatian, Bosnian and Montenegrin) within which these variants officially have the status of separate languages (the polycentral theory). According to the second concept, there are now four distinct standard languages (Serbian, Croatian, Bosnian and Montenegrin) and Serbo-Croatian is only an abstract name of the dialectal base for these four languages (polylinguistic theory). The adoption of one of the theories depends on an accepted model of the hierarchy of the functioning plains of a standard language.