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Shinto as an Intrinsic Japanese Religion

100%
Tanaka H.
Dialogue and Universalism
|
2020
|
issue 3
157-173
EN
Motoori (1730–1801) often criticized China, saying “Adashi Michi (alien way)” or “Kara Gokoro (Chinese mind).”“In China, they often say heaven’s way, heaven’s order or heaven’s reason and regard them as the most reverential and awesome things … firstly heaven is … not a thing with the mind, there cannot be such a thing as heaven’s order …” He concludes that there is no “way of nature” in China. He also mentions in his essay Tamakatsuma [Beautiful Bamboo Basket]: “We think that heaven and earth grow all things, but this is not true. It is the deed of Kami that all things grow. Heaven and earth is only the place where Kami grows all things. It is not heaven and earth that grow them.” Kami in this case seems to be different from heaven and earth, but this Kami is one with “nature” and he does not mean that Kami is above “nature.” I think that Motori resumes the essence of Shinto, comparing the thoughts of China.
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Powojenne grupy nacisku i organizacje społeczne związane z japońskim rządem a kwestia pamięci o II wojnie światowej

67%
Barbasiewicz O.
Krakowskie Studia Międzynarodowe
|
2017
|
issue 3
179-193
PL
W artykule podjęty został problem grup nacisku i organizacji społecznych związanych z japońskim rządem, które wywierają realny wpływ na współczesną politykę pamięci. Analizie poddano takie grupy, jak Stowarzyszenia Świątyń Sintoistycznych (Jinja Honchō) oraz Japońskie Stowarzyszenie Rodzin, które Straciły Bliskich w Czasie Wojny Nihon Izokukai. W celu weryfi kacji hipotezy o wpływie tych organizacji na kształt polityki pamięci analizie poddane zostały ofi cjalne struktury wspomnianych grup nacisku. Ukazano przez to formalne zasady, jakimi kierują się one przy przyjmowaniu rozstrzygnięć w kontekście pomników i miejsc pamięci.
EN
In this article I focus on so called ‘pressure groups’ and social organizations related to the Japanese government, which have a real impact on modern memory politics. I analyzed two organizations, such as The Association of Shinto Shrines (Jinja Honchō), and The Japan War-Bereaved Families Association Nihon Izokukai. To verify the hypothesis about the impact of these organizations onto the shape of contemporary politics of remembrance, the offi cial structures of these pressure groups were analyzed to show the formal principles they pursue when taking decisions on diff erent memorials and places of remembrance.
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