Search results - CEJSH

1

Związki Johanna Bernharda Fischera von Erlach ze Śląskiem w świetle źródeł

100%

Wojtyła A.

Biuletyn Historii Sztuki

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2009

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vol. 71

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issue 1-2

57-75

EN

This article is intended to present and discuss sources discovered by the author that confirm contacts between the imperial architect Johann Bernhard Fischer von Erlach with the Silesian court of bishop Franz Ludwig von Neuburg. These connections were not limited to the composing of plans for the bisshop’s mausoleum (known as the Elector’s Chapel) in Breslau (since 1945 Wrocław) Cathedral, but – as had been previously assumed – they embraced artistic supervision of this construction, for the duration of a number of years, as well as work on the chapel’s interior design and furnishing. As is revealed by accounts, in thge years 1716-21, an ‘award’ was made to Fischer von Erlach for his ‘direction’ and ‘inspection’ of ‘the building of the Elector’s Chapel’. It is difficult to establish on the basis of these documents, if the architect, preoccupied at this time with the Karlskirche in Vienna, could have visited Breslau frequently , or if he in fact supervised the construction through the employing of artists sent from Vienna, furnished with instructions and specific, pre-prepared designs. The building’s extension was, in the final count, to be postponed until completion of the Elector’s Chapel. The investigative results presented here reveal the need to take into closer account the phenomenon of ‘architecture by correspondence’ (i.e. the conveyed design) in researching Baroque art in Silesia.

2

Pruskie Karkonosze — kilka słów o ideologizacji najwyższych gór Śląska w dobie rozkwitu turystyki masowej

80%

Pacholski J.

Góry, Literatura, Kultura

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2016

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vol. 10

39-54

EN

The author of the article examines the beginnings of the national or, more broadly, state ideologisation of the mountains, using as an example Karkonosze or the Giant Mountains, which undoubtedly come to the fore in the case of the popularisation of mountain tourism. Already in the second half of the 18th century a chapel dedicated to St. Lawrence was built on the summit of Śnieżka, becoming straight away a pilgrimage destination and launching tourism in this mountain range. Just as quickly the Giant Mountains were ideologised as border mountains unique in the state to which it partially belonged — the Kingdom of Prussia. Authors describing Silesia’s highest peaks in the Enlightenment period (including J.T. Volkmar, J.E. Troschel, E.F. Buquoi and J.Ch.F. GutsMuths) did refer to Swiss models, yet they showed the Giant Mountains as the highest range in Silesia and Prussia, stressing the exceptional role and nature of this mountain range. Throughout the 19th century the ideological appropriation of the Sudetes’ highest range continued, acquiring in the early 20th century a virtually grotesque dimension, a manifestation of which was the equation of the Spirit of the Mountains with the ancient pan-Germanic god Wotan, known from old tales and poems and, more recently, from Richard Wagner’s music dramas.

3

Duchowni katoliccy ze Śląska w pierwszej wojnie światowej

80%

Olszar K. H.

Studia Interkulturowe Europy Środkowo-Wschodniej

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2016

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vol. 9

113-127

EN

The First World War was analyzed and described in their diaries mainly by politicians, various rank soldiers, medical officers and male nurses, writers, news correspondents, civilians who were watching closely the war theatre, as well as theology students and military chaplains. We are however interested in testimonies of clergymen who became priests of the Katowice diocese after the end of 1914–1918 war campaign. They succeeded to live „in memory” because of tracks of their presence in the war in archive records or remaining press publications. The following individuals in this circle deserve special attention: Teofil Aleksander Bromboszcz, Józef Feliks Gawlina and Karol Milik. There were 85 military chaplains involved in the First World War on the Prussian side from the area of the Wrocław diocese and 24 military chaplains from area of the General Wicarage in Cieszyn. In total there were 63 future priests of the Katowice diocese among them. Among soldiers chaplains could feel at home. Soldiers appreciated their high moral values and good manners.

4

The architectural traces of christianisation on Silesia in IX-X c.

80%

Małachowicz E.

Nauka

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2008

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issue 3

EN

The discovery of older buildings relics under Wrocław Cathedral in 1997 and 1998, initiated investigations of early mediaeval architecture in Silesia, which took place until the year 2007. As a result not only the processes of development of main strongholds – Niemcza and Wrocław – were examined but also the remains of hitherto unknown sanctuaries were discovered – stone churches in Niemcza and Gilów (late 9th c.), in Wrocław (early 10th c.) and on the hill of Gromnik (c. mid. – 10th c.). Three of them are similar to Moravian churches, hall like with a choir annex, and the fourth is a gable roof rotunda. Most likely these were sanctuaries of oldest slavonic rites (of Cyrillic-Methodian type). One of them, in Wrocław was rebuilt and enlarged to the cross scheme like the church in Libica (Czech) about 965 and changed into the Latin one. In this church the mission bishopric for christianisation of Silesia and south part of Poland was organised. Later, in 1000 the church became the first cathedral of Wrocław bishopric, in the new created Polish Church – Metropolis. Many discoveries were made by use of georadar.

5

Weather types in Sosnowiec (Poland) during the period 1999-2013

80%

Dobrowolska K.

Environmental & Socio-economic Studies

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2014

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vol. 2

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issue 3

1-12

EN

The study presents the structure of weather types for the city of Sosnowiec during the period 1999-2013. The analysis was carried out on the basis of daily thermal data (the average daily air temperature, the minimum and maximum daily air temperature), cloudiness and precipitation. The data was obtained from a meteorological station belonging to the Department of Climatology at the Faculty of Earth Sciences at the University of Silesia. Weather types were established according to weather type classification after Woś (2010). 48 weather types were specified on the basis of a combination of 3 selected meteorological elements (temperature, cloudiness, precipitation). The number of days in the year and the frequency of particular thermal weather types, weather subtype, weather classes and weather types were characterized, and the changeability of weather types was analyzed. Furthermore, sequences of days with specific weather types were described. The analysis conducted has lead to the conclusion that, during the research period, the weather structure for the city of Sosnowiec was characterized by a great number of weather types observed, with relatively low frequency of occurrence. Weather throughout the year was dominated by warm weather types (3--, 2--, 2--), with weather marked as 310 – very warm, moderately cloudy, without precipitation (12.9%) recorded as the most frequent, followed by 221 – moderately warm, very cloudy, with precipitation (11.6%), and 210 – moderately warm, moderately cloudy, without precipitation (11.4%)as the least frequent one. A diversification in the number of particular classification units in consecutive years of the examined 15-year period does not display significant variability. Short sequences of 2 and 3 days dominated the selected sequences of specific weather types.

6

I ona bowiem wspierała wielu... Ewangelicka diakonia żeńska na Śląsku na przykładzie Ewangelickiego Zakładu Diakonijnego w Ząbkowicach Śląskich w latach 1860–1914

80%

Pawłowski K.

Śląski Kwartalnik Historyczny Sobótka

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2019

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vol. 74

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issue 1

5-20

EN

The article presents the activities of evangelical female deacons in Silesia in the time period before World War I. On the example of Evangelical Diaconal Institution in Ząbkowice Śląskie the development of establishments of this kind was pictured. The female deacons in Ząbkowice Śląskie cared for the sick, educated the children and managed orphanages and creches.

7

Duchowni katoliccy ze Śląska w pierwszej wojnie światowej

80%

Olszar H.

Studia Interkulturowe Europy Środkowo-Wschodniej

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2016

|

vol. 9

113-127

PL

The First World War was analyzed and described in their diaries mainly by politicians, various rank soldiers, medical officers and male nurses, writers, news correspondents, civilians who were watching closely the war theatre, as well as theology students and military chaplains. We are however interested in testimonies of clergymen who became priests of the Katowice diocese after the end of 1914–1918 war campaign. They succeeded to live „in memory” because of tracks of their presence in the war in archive records or remaining press publications. The following individuals in this circle deserve special attention: Teofil Aleksander Bromboszcz, Józef Feliks Gawlina and Karol Milik. There were 85 military chaplains involved in the First World War on the Prussian side from the area of the Wrocław diocese and 24 military chaplains from area of the General Wicarage in Cieszyn. In total there were 63 future priests of the Katowice diocese among them. Among soldiers chaplains could feel at home. Soldiers appreciated their high moral values and good manners.

8

Zeměpanské konfi rmační listiny pro česká a slezská města do 1419 roku

80%

Velička T.

Historia Slavorum Occidentis

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2014

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issue 2(7)

212-233

EN

The author has attempted to provide a holistic view of the practice of confi rming the documents for the royal and princely towns in the area of Bohemia and Silesia (the area of Moravia has already been explored in this respect) by the ruler. Confi rmatory documents formed an integral part of the production of the writing offi ces of the rulers of both examined territories, i.e., the Czech kings and the princes of Silesia. Whilst in the case of Bohemia the issuer is unambiguous (the King of Bohemia), the issuers from the region of Silesia could have included the Silesian princes (including the Bishop of Wrocław), the Czech king and the royal starosts (governors) in the principalities directly subject to the Czech ruler as issuers. Generally, confi rmatory documents are deemed to have been diplomatic acts which confi rmed the existence of a legal reality. These included not only documents (alternatively confi rmatory documents issued in the form of a mandate), whereby the rulers confi rmed the prevailing legal acts of their predecessors, but also those which confi rmed acts of their subjects. A selection of merely one group of recipients was deliberate, notwithstanding the resultant, apparently incomplete image. Such an approach has its advantages, inasmuch as it allows the examination of the resources in a more compact form, and what is more, throughout two territories to some extent shaped by various traditions. The author focuses largely on several issues related to confi rmatory documents, notably on the differentiation between confi rmatory and dispositive documents. Both types are to some extent convergent, and sometimes the dispositive formula is present in some confi rmatory documents. Furthermore, dispositive documents are sometimes deemed to be one of the degrees of confi rmation. Nevertheless, in most cases notable is a variance in the usage of both types of documents. First, the author presents a quantitative review of the number of documents issued for particular towns. Was there a direct principle saying that the more important and richer the town, the more confi rmative documents are found? How can we measure the ‘validity’ and ’wealth’ of each of the analysed towns? Which towns can boast of confi rmations issued by the majority of successive rulers and which have to be satisfi ed with merely a few acts? This question needs to be explored also from a different point of view: we need to determine the role of confi rmatory documents in the policy of the rulers towards the towns as well as how it was refl ected in the different phases of the duke’s (king’s) reign. The motives behind issuing individual acts of confi rmation and the question what forced the towns to make efforts to have their privileges confi rmed are essential elements of the author’s inquiry. The reasons might have been both external, namely the position of the town’s ruler, and internal – problems inherent in the functioning of a given centre.

9

Niedokończona Kolej Izerska (Isergebirgsbahn) i granica potrzeb

80%

Przerwa T.

Śląski Kwartalnik Historyczny Sobótka

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2022

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vol. 77

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issue 3

201-232

EN

The paper presents efforts to establish a railway route through the hard-toreach Jizera Mountains, as well as the factors which contributed to only partial accomplishment of that project (only the Mirsk–Świeradów Zdrój section was built). The planned elongation of this railway line from Świeradów-Zdrój to Szklarska Poręba (via Rozdroże Izerske – a mountain clearing 769 meters above sea level) was not particularly challenging for railway engineering at the turn of the 19th and 20th century, but providing a proper justification of the costly endeavor and securing adequate financing has proven to be a challenge. In a broader perspective, the present study raises two issues: critical assessment of the real transportation needs in the region, and the influence of railway investments on the development of mountain region in Silesia.

10

Działalność naukowa Stanisława Rosponda na Śląsku w latach 1945–1950

80%

Sochacka S.

Śląski Kwartalnik Historyczny Sobótka

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2019

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vol. 74

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issue 4

51-80

EN

The article presents a general characteristic of Stanisław Rospond’s academic and organizational activity in Silesia in the first years after World War II. This Polish and Slavic linguist, born near Cracow, a graduate of the Jagiellonian University, fascinated by the history of Silesia, moved to Wrocław in 1945. In that city, together with a group of professors from Lviv (Polish: Lwów), he set about rebuilding Polish academic research, organizing Polish linguistics with a focus on Silesian studies.

11

„Silezjologiczna eseistyka…”? „Śląska szkoła eseju”? Refleksje wokół książki Mariusza Jochemczyka Wobec tradycji. Śląskie szkice oikologiczne

80%

Dutka E.

Postscriptum Polonistyczne

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2017

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issue 1 (19) W kręgu badań językoznawczych

233-242

EN

The book by Mariusz Jochemczyk, Facing tradition. Sketches in Silesian oikology, serves here as an example of some broader tendency, which can be described as Silesian essay writing or Silesian autobiographical essay writing. The author of the article asks a question about commonalities between such books as Nagrobek Ciotki Cili (Aunt Cilia’s Tombstone) by Stefan Szymutko, Antygona w świecie korporacji (Antigone in corporation) by Tadeusz Sławek, Listy z Rzymu (Letters from Rome) by Zbigniew Kadłubek, Lajerman by Aleksander Nawarecki and the afore mentioned book by Mariusz Jochemczyk. Certain essayistic ‘idioms’ of the discussed authors are being described here. The author asks about the future of the phenomenon, which refers to regional issues but certainly is not only of a local nature.

12

Stan zachowania rękopisów symfonii Carla Dittersa von Dittersdorfa w Polsce – rekonesans

80%

Kula M.

Kwartalnik Młodych Muzykologów UJ

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2016

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issue 2(29)

92-119

EN

Carl Ditters von Dittersdorf (1739–1799) has been remembered in history of music in the 18th century as a significant contributor in developing singspiel (comic opera) genre and as a composer famous among double bass players because of two double bass concertos. But recent studies brought to the fore information about a variety of his instrumental music. Between the others, there are more than 120 symphonies. This paper is a report-attempt about present condition of extant Dittersdorf symphonies’ manuscripts, preserved in the contemporary Polish area. There are nine archives and libraries mentioned, where these manuscripts are stored. The richest collection of Dittersdorf’s symphonies is located in Pauline Monastery Archive in Jasna Gora in Częstochowa (PL-CZ), where seventeen manuscripts are stored. All of them preserved in good condition, arisen in last quarter of the 18th century. Other manuscripts we can find in: Archive of Polish Dominicans Province in Krakow (PL-Kd), Cistercian Abbey in Krakow-Mogiła (PL-MO), Benedictine Abbey in Krzeszow/Grussau (PL-KRZ), Library of Theological Faculty of Opole University (PL-OPsm), Archdiocesan Archive in Poznań (PL-Pa Muz MM), Diocesan Library in Sandomierz (PL-SA) and Special Collections Department of Wrocław University Library (PL-WRu). There is also a piece of information about the manuscript from Pilica (PL-PIk), presumably lost in recent time, which was one of very few examples Dittersdorf’s manuscripts written in the 19th century.

13

Knižní svět Heleny Salichové

80%

Rychtářová L.

Časopis Slezského zemského muzea. Série B, Vědy historické (Silesian Museum Journal. Series B - History)

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2016

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vol. 1

23-34

EN

The painter, writer and ethnographer Helena Salichová (1895–1975) was closely connected to the Silesian region which enchanted her and to which she dedicated her whole life. Her collecting activities in the field of ethnography focused on Silesian folk songs, folk costumes as well as understanding and preservation of Silesian folk literature. She used all these collections in her literary work and as a result she published nine books in 1917–1975. She also illustrated six of the books. The illustrations fully reflect subject of the book and it is possible to notice themes typical of free art creation of Helena Salichová.

14

Fryderyk I wobec Śląska — Śląsk wobec Fryderyka I: między prezentacją oczekiwań a realizowaną polityką

80%

Wąs G.

Historie – Otázky – Problémy (History, Issues, Problems)

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2019

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vol. 11

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issue 2

148-161

EN

In connection with the joining of Protestant Silesian princes and Estates in the Bohemian Estates uprising in the year 1619, historians have long dealt with the journey of King Frederick I of Wittelsbach to Silesia, whose aim was to accept a tribute from the Princes of Silesia and the Estates in February and March of 1620. Until now, historiography has largely focused on the course of this journey and the ceremony associated with the king’s reception, while this paper draws attention to the politico-legal context of the visit, and to the political intentions of the privilege to religious freedom that Frederick I issued to the Silesian Calvinists living in the city of Wroclaw, in an Imperial Charter for the Calvinists dated 5 March 1620.

15

Czy rząd polski, mimo nieuznania ustawowego Ślązaków za mniejszość etniczną, ma obowiązek dbania o rozwój i zachowanie języka śląskiego w świetle obowiązującego prawa międzynarodowego?

80%

Żmuda B.

Zeszyty Prawnicze BAS

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2023

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issue 2(78)

292-308

EN

In the author’s opinion, the Polish government has no obligation to take care of the development and preservation of the Silesian language within the scope of the provisions of the European Charter for Regional or Minority Languages. Other norms of international law regulating the problem of protection of the rights of national and ethnic minorities do not apply in the analysed case due to the fact that the Silesians have not been recognised by the legislator as an ethnic minority.

16

Silesia Agglomeration – Identity in Transition : Supranational Identifications in Multi-Cultural Europe

80%

Riedel R.

Polish Political Science Yearbook

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2010

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vol. 39

158-190

EN

Silesia has always been a challenge for scientists as well as politicians, most importantly however – its people. Not many analysts and practitioners succeeded in coping with this challenge. Strategic character of this land made its inhabitants hostages to geopolitical interests of states representing different cultures, languages and religions. Remaining at the front line of (what Samuel Huntington would call) civilizations, Silesia was expossed to this long-lasting process which resulted in specific type of identity, which the author dares call hybrid identity. It also resulted in a number of paradoxes, like for example unique model of modernization based on industrial infrastructure development accompanied by adequate work culture and civilizational patterns from one side, and from the other side closing Silesian communities in tribalism and traditionalism.

17

Vývoj školství ve Slezsku a otázka „slezské identity“

80%

Jirásek Z., Vymětalová K.

Acta historica Neosoliensia Vedecký časopis pre historické vedy

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2014

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vol. 17

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issue 1-2

252-267

EN

The beginnings of higher education Silesians can be dated back to the 13th century, when they traveled for education at the Studium Generale in Paris or Italian universities. After the founding of university in Prague in 1348, their interest turned to Bohemia but the large part of them left the capital of Bohemia in the early 15th century after the publication of the Decree of Kutná Hora. Efforts on the establishment of a separate university in Silesia bind to the city of Wroclaw with the government of the Czech and Hungarian King Vladislaus II. Jagiello, but have never been implemented. After the wars of the Austrian Succession, the Maria Theresia´s efforts to promote Czech schools in the ethnically mixed area of Silesia ran into resistance from the German population. This resistence also was concerned with the opening of Czech secondary schools – grammar schools, as well as discussions on the establishment of a second university in Moravia and Silesia. The first high schools in the Silesian region didn´t begun to emerge until after the second World War in Ostrava. "Classical" university here, however, could be built up first after the Velvet Revolution in November 1989.

18

Zjazdy książąt śląskich z 1327 roku

80%

Ptak M. J.

Prawo

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2015

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issue 319

85 - 98

EN

In the political and legal history of Silesia, 1327 is regarded as a breakthrough year owing to the establishment of fealty ties between the King of Bohemia and a group of local Piast dukes. This began a process in which all Silesian dukes eventually became vassals, while some duchies and their parts were taken over by the Bohemian king, who became their direct ruler. This testified to a gradual break of political and legal ties between the Silesian duchies and Poland and its king, with the ties between the Silesian dukes and the Bohemian king and Kingdom of Bohemia becoming increasingly strong. As a result, Silesia became one of the countries that made up the Crown of St. Wenceslaus. So far the literature on the subject has focused on individual acts of fealty of the dukes and the king, but has not mentioned that they took place during congresses held for the purpose. Congresses of Silesian dukes had a long tradition going back to the second half of the 12th century. Three such congresses were held in 1327: in Opava (18–19 February), featuring at least four Upper Silesian dukes, Duke of Opava, King of Bohemia and a group of Bohemian lords; in Bytom (24 February), probably featuring the same participants; and in Wrocław (5–11 April) with participants including the Duke of Wrocław and the Duke of Opole, the estates of the Duchy of Wrocław, i.e. the local nobility and towns, the clergy with the papal nuncio in partibus Polonie and some superiors of Wrocław monasteries, as well as a delegation of the Wrocław Jews. The structure of the 1327 Wrocław congress has all the fundamental marks of a Silesia-wide assembly of estates, later referred to as Fürstentag (ducal assembly). This places in a new light the origins and chronology of Polish parliamentarism.

19

Śląsk i Czechy oczami magnata litewskiego. Osiemnastowieczny diariusz podróżny starosty wiłkomierskiego Benedykta Tyzenhauza

80%

Ziober A.

In Gremium. Studia nad Historią, Kulturą i Polityką

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2015

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vol. 9

65-74

EN

Travels through Europe among the nobility and magnates of the Crown and the Grand Duchy of Lithuania experienced its heyday in the seventeenth and eighteenth centuries. They had a various character: educational, therapeutic, or diplomatic. Many Lithuanian magnates by virtue of its financial resources decided on a long expeditions through the old continent and left after them travel reports rich in interesting descriptions of the surrounding reality. Such an example may be unknown until now the memories of the peregrination through Silesia of starost of Wilkomierz Benedict Tyzenhauz. He set out on his journey in the mid-eighteenth century, and came to Wroclaw, about which left an interesting description on the pages of his memories. From the capital of Lower Silesia he went towards Prague, along the way describing the encountered village, which he visited. Particular interest of magnate aroused churches, palaces and gardens. His relationship of the journey ends with the description of Prague where, most likely, magnate returned to the grounds of the Grand Duchy of Lithuania.

20

Hersz, (Herszko, Henryk) Blumsztejn (1919 –?), wywiadowca Sekcji IV PUBP Siedlce, kierownik Sekcji II PUBP w Oławie na Dolnym Śląsku

80%

Charczuk W.

Historia i Świat

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2012

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issue 1

143-148

EN

Siedlce district offi ce of public safety in lats in to 1944-1945. It take possession by staff of jewish origin 20%. They occupied positions of chiefs or they were employed in character of scout of section, who dealt with liquidation of independence underground. There was one of employee offi cer to from murders dating PUBP Hersz Blumsztejn, who has been employed as scout in section IV. By poles from hands rid nazi, now they have stood in one range with communist for battle with independence underground. There was among they Hersz Blumsztejn, surname is mentioned which who as responsible officer for quota in crime of killing without judicial sentence by local apparatus of safety in Siedlce, at least in night from 12 on 13 april 1945 16 persons. Then henry has been rescheduled as chief of section after loud crime to for service in structures of communist apparatuses of safeties for Kielce for on bottom Silesia II Siedlce Hersz Blumsztejn Oława. It worked in structures of apparatuses of safeties for january 1946 Hersz Blumsztejn.

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